- 學位論文
台灣光學產業的崛起，發展，與未來趨勢之分析
The rise,growth,and future of Taiwan Optical Industy
摘要
在政府於六零年代末期開始積極推動十大建設之驅動下，位於台中之經濟部台中加工出口區，亦以極優之獎勵辦法，結合中部地區之優勢產業條件來吸引知名跨國公司前來設廠。在將近五十家於台中加區正式成立外商之中，除了為數最多之電子及電氣廠商之外，亦包含有三家分屬德籍，及日籍之光學廠商。 這些光學廠商係台灣所首度引進。其主要成員之德國博世﹝Bosch﹞集團之保勝光學，日系Canon 集團之佳能光學，與Asahi Pentax 集團之旭光學等等，均在台中加工出口區成立之初期前來設廠。隨著這三家世界級光學廠在台灣所奠定之穩固基礎，短短十年之內，它們非但為台灣創造可觀的經濟營收以及大幅帶動中部地區之相關周邊產業之外，最重要的貢獻在於為台灣教育，訓練，及造就不少本土光學技術及經營人才。而這群台灣光學產業的尖兵，在歷經三十年的奮鬥之後，已有超過十位以上成為現今全球光學界極負盛名之業主及企業家。 以A公司為例，在創始人於一九八一年在台中加工出口區成立之際，其主要經營團隊係源自德系之保勝光學及日系之佳能光學。受惠於團隊成員之紮實技術及豐富經驗，其非但能迅速建立難度極高之光學生產架構，亦在短短五年之內開始獲利。結合其它蓬勃發展，如大立﹝原大根﹞光電，今國光電及後續成立之十餘家中小規模光學廠及間接帶動之生產設備，原材料，及治工具等光學周邊產業，台灣國內之光學聚落已在台中儼然成立。 在台灣站穩腳步及創造榮景之後，為進一步擴充境外版圖及因應與日俱增之國際需求，幾家具有遠見之公司在八零年代末期開始前往中國大陸及東南亞地區設廠生產。但是，在當地享受更大規模之榮景之同時，也因為該國資深主管及技術人員之自行在外創業或前往中國籍光學公司任職而培養出不少競爭者。從十年前開始，這些大部份源自台系公司的競爭者已嚴重衝擊至其原公司的營收及獲利。 本研究係以台灣光學界指標公司之A公司作為個案研究之主題，以檢討過去三十年台灣光學產業所歷經之途徑來探討現況，並針對本產業未來可能演變之對應策略提出本研究員的看法。
關鍵字
光學產業並列摘要
Driven by the government enforced 10-Major Constructions in late 1960s, the Taichung Export Processing Zone (TEPZ) located in Tantze, Taichung, also made its move to aggressively promote the foreign investors’ program by offering attractive incentives and tax breaks where more than 50 multinational companies, mostly in electronic, electrical, and optical, came and set up their factories inside the zone. Among which, 3 optical companies, Bosch/BASO of Germany, Canon & Asahi Pentax of Japan, all came in within the first 5 years. Although they were simply a small group of foreign investors, they have helped Taiwan build up a solid foundation for the Optical Industry. Within 10 years, not just having made tremendous revenue and lucrative profits for their mother companies,they also indirectly boosted the formation of many peripheral companies in central Taiwan. Most importantly, hundreds of technical and managerial professional in optics were trained and developed where many of them have notably become well known business owners and optical entrepreneurs today. Take A-Company for instance, when founding in 1981 inside of TEPZ, Mr. Lai, founder and chairman, hired his core managers and staffs from Canon and Bosch/BASO. While their experiences and expertise were fully utilized, A-Company was able to quickly settle down and became profitable within 5 years. Together with the rapidly rising of fellow optical companies like Largan, Kinko, and many mid-small sized optical companies in the area, an optical community was clearly established in central Taichung. After having secured the success in Taiwan, driven by market needs and global expansion plan, many of them started to make their move and set up overseas factories In China and southeastAsian countries. However, while enjoying much larger business scale and profits in those foreign countries, it also indirectly trained and created many strong competitors, mostly from their resigned staffs. Since 2005, such competition has become severe where business volume and profit of those Taiwanese owned optical companies were significantly impacted. In further, survival of some companies is now in jeopardy. The subject research is to review the 3-decade path of the Taiwanese Optical Industry through analyzing A-Company, a recognized benchmark in Taiwan Optical Industry, then sharing my personal recommendations as to how the Taiwan Optical Industry should respond and adjust their strategies for the next stage.