摘要
3D列印被譽為第三次工業革命的關鍵技術之一，其中3D列印所帶出的「自造者」（Anderson，2013）一詞，本研究認為會使很多產業有所改變，因為人們對於自己想要的東西，以後在家裡就能製造出來，這即將使得人人能都能自行製造，自行創造的時代來臨。 因此，本研究視3D列印為「破壞式創新」的技術，參考了Christensen(1997)對「破壞式創新」所提出的九大經營決策，並透過焦點群體的訪談邀請了3D列印相關的從事業者、學者以及玩家來探討3D列印的經營決策。 透過Christensen所提出的前四大決策：如何打敗最強的競爭者、了解顧客想要買什麼樣的產品、知道誰是產品的最佳顧客與找出哪類顧客能為創新事業提供穩固的成長，與3D列印的專家們進行交流。 然而，經過本研究對破壞式創新經營決策的初探與實際操作後發現，Christensen所提出的決策過程在操作上會有盲點，其決策二與決策三：了解顧客想要的商品與哪種商品才能提供穩固的成長，本研究認為對於破壞式創新產業而言，要知道顧客想要的產品已屬不易，若要找出哪種商品能提供穩固的成長，與會專家們亦無法獲得共識，因此，本研究針對破壞式創新的經營初探過程中，給了原決策二與決策三重新的定義為：3D列印商品發展。 而針對本研究所關心的3D列印從何出發，當天與會者一再強調教育的重要性， 3D列印是革命性的創新技術，但操作3D列印仍需相關的技術與知識，若民眾不會操作，擁有再好的技術工具都無法提供其穩定成長，因此，未來政府、企業乃至於個人，如何去推動教育也是3D列印能否發展成功的關鍵因素之一。
並列摘要
3D Printing has been considered as one of the key technologies in the so called 3rd Industrial Revolution. The concept of “Maker” ( Anderson, 2013), stated in this thesis, will transform many industries, as what people want can now be manufactured at home, brining an era that everyone is empowered to create and manufacture products by themselves. After studying Christensen (1997) on disruptive innovation and what’s proposed there as the nine business decisions of enterprise, this research argues 3D printing as one of the disruptive innovation technologies, furthermore, explores its roles in enterprise decision making through focus group with 3D printing practitioners, scholars and consumers. Via the first four aspects of decision making mentioned in Christensen’s article, namely, how to beat the strongest competitors, understand what products customers want, know who is the best customer for the product, as well as find out which customer type can provide stable growth for the underlying innovative business venture, my research questionnaire engages the participants in the focus group. However, after the initial findings and practice on disruptive innovation, my research discovers that what Christensen has proposed faces challenges in the actual decision making process in my research topic, in particular, on the 2nd and 3rd decision making aspects: understand what products customers want and know who is the best customer for the product. My thesis argues that it is already difficult enough for disruptive innovators to know what exactly customers want, it is close to unanswerable for the experts to identify which product will provide sustainable growth for the business. Therefore, my research redefine the 2nd and 3rd decision making aspect as “the development of 3D printing products”. Regarding where should be the starting point of 3D printing, the participants of my focus group repeatedly emphasized the importance of market education, as they believed 3D printing is a revolutionary technology, however, to perform operation on 3D printer, one is required necessary skills and knowledge. If consumers are not able to use the technology, no matter how advanced the tool is, stable growth cannot be guaranteed, hence how to develop education mechanism on 3D printing from government, corporates down to individuals, will be the critical factor for 3D printing to succeed.