深度休閒者激發潛能涉入歷程之研究－以台灣本土藝術家劉丁讚大師為例

本研究是以質性研究及專家效度方法為詮釋佐證一項基礎性的探索研究，研究目的在於瞭解本土鋼雕藝術家劉丁讚的深度休閒涉入歷程，探討從休閒興趣角度接觸此項活動到自我潛能開發歷程。本研究目的是了解劉丁讚大師從事鋼雕活動的歷程及深度涉入程度，進而探討深度休閒是否達到心靈層面滿足、生活樂趣、自信心之提高 ; 並藉由訪談中，了解受訪者作品理念意涵，受訪者在創作中如何克服困難與堅持的理由，及從創作中獲得的快樂與成就。本研究從深度休閒理論著眼，以進入受訪者工作場域一段時日，深入訪談方式獲得參與者的口述經驗後，研究者依據時間接觸過程整理文本，並進行多次深度訪談，採用敘事分析，再與參與者進行由淺而至深式的確認訪談來完成初步的故事敘說。研究發現當潛能休閒動機激發成認真、嚴肅變成一個積極樂觀參與休閒活動的態度，休閒意義將有所改變，同時提升參與者的成就感、幸福感，最後透過深度休閒動機的探討，可發現認真休閒的較高自我價值。本研究以一個對藝術的接觸與嘗試，實際從事鋼雕創作多年的劉丁讚大師為例，經過上海紙箱王餐廳，進行深度休閒訪談，再以敘事分析的方式文字呈現，能明確了解述說的涉入歷程，應證馬斯洛（Malsow）在晚期時，所提到的「超自我實現」理論說，在執行或完成一件事情時，持之以恆、挑戰困難、執著態度，才能深刻體驗感覺到深度休閒的「高峰經驗」可能性。研究證明了劉丁讚大師的成功，除了基本專業（電焊）的紮實，及藝術潛能發揮外，更具有不向命運低頭的個性與韌性，一旦確定方向目標，態度始終如一，要做就做到更好更專業的理念。這正是深信度休閒特性，亦即不在乎別人不友善的眼光，要以努力堅持所愛，證明自己的價值、成就。也成功創造深度休閒的自我認同，也是喜愛選擇不斷學習與挑戰自我的最佳深度休閒者寫照。

關鍵字

質性研究；深度休閒；深度訪談；敘事分析

並列摘要

The study aims to investigate the involvement of deep leisure for a steel carving artist- Liu Dingzang, through leisure activities to the development of self-potentials from in-depth oral interviews. Based on theory of serious leisure, the research used qualitative method and expert validity for the interpretation of evidence. The in-depth interviews were conducted at a restaurant in Shanghai for a week in February 2018. The researcher used narrative analysis, taking interviews step-by-step from fundamental issues to in-depth discussions with the interviewee. Through several interviews, the researcher attempted to understand the meaning of the carving works, the reason for the respondent to create his art works, the way for Mr. Liu to overcome his difficulties during doing his art pieces, the persistence of the artist, and the joy and achievement for the artist form his work. The findings somewhat proved Maslow’s “ultra self-fulfillment” theory that when performing or completing a task, respondent’s perseverance, persistence, and dedication could enhance the depth of experience and possibly reached the “peak experience.” The results indicated that as respondent’s interior motive became serious leisure, the meaning of leisure changed as well. The respondent could experience higher achievement and happiness when involving serious leisure activities. It also succeeds in creating deep casual self-identity, which is also a portrait of the best deep leisure people who love to choose to continue learning and challenging themselves. The results also proved the deep leisure theory for someone who could consist and persevere his or her work day by day, ignoring others unfriendly comments. Thus, with deep leisure, they could achieve higher success or complete better performance.