R-134a、TC-12a、R-290 應用於小型直流空調機之實驗分析

Experimental analysis of a small DC air conditioner employing refrigerant R-134a, TC-12a or R-290

吳青鴻(Ching-Hung WU)

指導教授 ： 陳建霖

義守大學/理工學院/機械與自動化工程學系/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6343/ISU.2014.00169

摘要

1996 年全面禁止CFC(Chlorofluorocarbons)冷媒使用後，逐漸由 HCFC(Hydrochlorofluorocarbon.)冷媒過渡到HFC(Hydrofluorocarbon)冷 媒，但是HFC 冷媒有極大溫室效應能力，因此比較環保的碳氫冷媒重 新獲得重視。本研究將碳氫冷媒應用於移動式空調系統，以市售DC 24V 80Ah 鉛酸電池作為電力來源，並且以製冷力800-1200W 的DC 24V 壓 縮機搭配毛細管組裝移動式直流空調機，測試R-134a、混合丙烷及異丁 烷的TC-12a 碳氫冷媒與R-290(丙烷)的性能特性；另外在本研究中以超 音波霧化器將蒸發器冷凝的空氣中的水分霧化，藉由冷凝器風扇移除本 系統面臨的空氣冷凝水問題。本研究量測的參數包含：毛細管之高壓壓 力與低壓壓力、蒸發器端之溫度差、冷凝器端之溫度差與全系統所消耗 之總電流值。我們得到以下的結論：(1) 對長1040mm 毛細管作為空調 系統的膨脹裝置時且在蒸發器風速6.98m/s 時，充填425g R-134a 冷媒的 效率高於充填350g 的TC-12a 冷媒；充填350g 的TC-12a 冷媒的效率又 高於充填210g 之R-290 冷媒。(2)使用長1900mm的毛細管時，充填350g的TC-12a 冷媒效率高出充填425g 之R-134a 冷媒13.53%；充填210g 的 R-290 冷媒的空調效率略低於充填425g 之 R-134a 冷媒5.99%。綜合以 上結論，以碳氫化合物取代R-134a 作為空調系統的冷媒是可行的，另 外考量冷媒價格及後續維護問題，R-290 冷媒也有其實用價值。

關鍵字

直流空調機 ； 冷媒 ； 實驗量測

並列摘要

CFC refrigerant has been banned from use since 1996 and the
alternative was form HCFC to HFC, which unfortunately caused huge global
warming effect. Recently environmentally-friendly HC refrigerant was
proposed. This study aimed to apply HC refrigerant to a moveable DC air
conditioner, which was composed of a DC24V 80Ah lead-acid battery, DC
24V compressor with 800-1200W refrigerating capacity and the capillary, to
investigate its key parameters and performance characteristics in terms of
R-134a as well as HC refrigerants, TC-12a and R-290. Furthermore, the
problem of condensed water during air flow in the evaporator was solved by
using the ultrasonic nebulizer as well as the fan of condenser. Parameters in
this experiment include high and low pressures of the capillary, temperature
drops of the evaporator and the condenser, and total current of the system.
After analyzing measured data, we have concluded that: (1) For the air
conditioner with the capillary of 1040mm long as expansion device and the
fan speed of evaporator 6.89m/s, using R134a of 425g has the higher
coefficient of performance than that of TC-12a of 350g; using TC-12a of
350g has the higher coefficient of performance than that of R-290 of 210g.
(2) For the air conditioner with the capillary of 1900mm long, using
TC-12a of 350g has the 13.53% higher coefficient of performance than that
of R134a of 425g; using R-290 of 210g has the 5.99% lower coefficient of
performance than that of R134a of 425g. In conclusion, it is feasible to use
HC refrigerator instead of R-134a for the present air conditioner. However,
R-290 is also practicable as cost and maintenance problems are under
consideration.

並列關鍵字

DC air conditioner ； refrigerant ； experiment

參考文獻

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