應用折衷規畫法與粒子群優法於配電系統之多目標分散式電源規畫

近年來，由於能源危機及氣候污染引發環保意識之高漲，使傳統發電設備所造成的環境汙染常為人詬病，節能減碳儼然是多國所共同追求之目標；而在擴增配電及變電設施時，常因居民的反對而無法擴充。因此，再生或新潔淨能源科技的小型分散式發電系統(Distributed Generation, DG) 相當受到電力與能源領域的重視，希冀能藉由其克服環保問題。由於分散式電源一般連接至配電系統，並改變原先系統的電力潮流與運轉調度，因此，在配電系統分散式電源規畫問題上，如何在投資成本、環保考量及降低配電損失等多個目標之間有較佳的設置，實有必要進行研究與探討。本論文探討現行電業環境下台電公司之多目標分散式電源規畫，從台電公司規畫投資的立場，考量「污染排放量最小化」、「配電損失最小化」與「投資成本最小化」等目標，同時遵守台電再生能源發電系統併聯技術要點之規定與配電運轉限制，進行「多目標」配電系統分散式電源規畫之探討，其污染排放量考量之氣體包含二氧化碳、二氧化硫及氮氧化物；投資成本包含建置成本、發電成本、維護與運轉成本。本文運用折衷規畫法(Compromise Programming)與粒子群優法(Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO)技術，並以一個8-Bus輻射狀配電系統為模擬對象，將三個子目標分別以不同權重之組合進行模擬，探討其結果之間的關聯性，以驗証所提方法之可行性。

關鍵字

分散式電源；最佳規畫；污染排放；配電損失；投資成本；粒子群優法；折衷規畫法

並列摘要

In these years, owing to the energy crisis and the air pollution, environmental consciousness has been rising. People are sick of the environmental pollution that produced by the traditional electrical power plants. Reducing the 〖"CO" 〗_"2" emission and enhancing energy saving are the common targets that many countries pursue. Therefore, Distributed Generation (DG) systems of renewable energy and newclean energy technology are emphasized by the area of electric and the power resource, wishing it can overcome the environmental problems by using DG systems. Since DGs are usually connected to distribution networks and change the original power flows and operations, the planning of DG in distribution systems is necessary to study how to select a better choice with consideration pollution emission, distribution system losses, and investment cost. This thesis presents the multi-objective planning of DG in distribution systems from the perspectives of a distribution company or Taiwan Power Company. Three objectives are considered: minimizing the pollution emission, minimizing the distribution system losses, and minimizing the investment cost, while satisfying DG connection regulation, some practical operation limits, and investment constraints. The multi-objective DG planning is then solved by Compromise Programming and Particle Swarm Optimization techniques. An 8-bus radial distribution network is used for simulation and verification of the proposed method.

並列關鍵字

Distributed Generation ； Optimal Planning ； pollution emission ； distribution system losses ； the investment cost ； Particle Swarm Optimization ； Compromise Programming

參考文獻

[1] M. Rabinowitz, “Power systems of the future,” IEEE Power Engineering Review, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 5-16, Aug. 2000.

Google Scholar

[2] P. P. Baker and R. W. D. Mello, “Determining the impact of distributed generation on power systems I. Radial distribution systems,” in Proc. IEEE PES Summer Meeting, pp. 1645 -1656, 2000.

Google Scholar

[3] D. Zhu, R. P. Broadwater, K.-S. Tam, R. Seguin, and H. Asgeirsson, “Impact of DG placement on reliability and efficiency with time-varying loads,” IEEE Transactions on Power System, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 419-427, Feb. 2006.