火炸藥熔裝製程品質提升之研究

現行軍工廠大口徑彈藥生產，目前彈體裝藥採熔裝裝藥方式為主；僅少數採壓裝方式。熔裝方式灌藥之彈體須經熱指道次消除氣泡及孔隙，再經冷卻過程而凝固。本研究目的在探討最佳裝填方式及設備，並精進生產製程與設備安全性，俾利彈藥生產順遂，降低生產製程中的彈藥缺陷及危安因子。舊式設備採單機模式及人工作業，所有操作包含設備溫度變化及操作參數，皆由作業人員監控，易造成製程品質不穩定。因此，本研究藉由設備更新，汰換舊式生產製程，並由電腦圖控監控與設定全線操作參數及溫度，大幅減少人為因素干擾及誤判，穩定生產品質。同時，設備採用國際最新耐壓防爆標準IECEx（International Engineering Consortium for Explosive Atmospheres）認證建置，提升作業人員人身安全，及減低火炸藥發生意外的風險。本研究重點在關鍵道次熱指深度，以B炸藥(RDX/TNT 60/40)為測試用炸藥，並以105公厘高爆戰防曳光彈(105 mm HEAT-T)作為測試樣本，先將製程中設備操作溫度、熱指冷卻時間固定，深入探討熱指深度之深淺對彈體內部氣泡及孔隙之影響，並利用X光檢驗彈體內部裝藥缺陷，獲得最佳設定熱指深度為75 mm。

關鍵字

熔裝炸藥；電腦圖控；熱指

並列摘要

At present, the production of large-calibre ammunition in military Arsenals is mainly based on the method of melt casting and pressing the explosives. The melt-casting shells must eliminate bubbles and porosity by probing process, and then it is solidified by the cooling process. The purpose of this study is to explore the best filling methods and equipments, and to improve the safety of production processes and equipment, so we can produce smoothly ammunition and reduce ammunition defects and critical factors in the production process. The Old equipment adopts single machine mode and manual operation. All operations that include equipment temperature changes and operating parameters are monitored by operators, which cause unstable process quality. Therefore, this study greatly reduce interference of the human factors and misjudgment and stabilize production quality by replacing the old production process and equipment upgrade, and monitor and set the operating parameters and temperature of the whole line by computer graphics control. At the same time, the equipment adopts the latest international explosion-proof standard IECEx（International Engineering Consortium for Explosive Atmospheres）Certification to improve the operators safety and reduce the risk of any accidents by explosives. This key point of study focuses on the probing depth. The study plans to use Composition B (RDX/TNT 60/40) as the melt-casting explosive and 105mm High Explosive Anti-Tank-Tracer (105mm HEAT-T) as a sample. First, we fix theequipment operating temperature and probing time data in the process of melting and filling. Second, we will study and test on the influence of the depth of the probing for the bubbles and the porosity on the inside of the projectile, and use X-ray to inspect the internal filling defects of the projectile. The result of the best probing depth setting is 75 mm.