區塊鏈智能合約之應用-以去中心化應用程式為例

區塊鏈因比特幣的出現成為目前最具有話題的名詞，也因為比特幣使得區塊鏈成為許多專家學者甚至政府也積極研究的技術，區塊鏈可以運用的領域不單單只有一種特定的行業，區塊鏈可以運用在像是智能合約、證券交易、電子商務、物聯網、社交通訊、文件的儲存、身份證明跟金融界等等。在區塊鏈帶動下讓許多產業出現革命性的改革，另外去中心化的概念也使得資料不容易被竄改甚至被任意公開使得資料獲得一大保障。而去中心化也是智能合約的一大主軸並且用到以太坊上的以太幣，另外智能合約也能運用在供應鏈管理上可以為企業省下不少的時間和成本。本研究以Solidity在Remix環境透過Rinkeby測試網路，對供應管理進行智能合約佈署。首先以一個簡單的單一買賣智能合約為例，進行去中心化的購物智能合約佈署到執行的過程，並透過測試網路的平台去傳送以太幣；其次針對較複雜的有兩個中轉的運輸業之買賣智能合約進行佈署與測試，另外也透過Rinkeby測試網路做一個能與其他平台做接口的一個接口平台。結果顯示智能合約確實可以在去中心化的條件下，執行能保障買賣雙方的合約交易。

關鍵字

區塊鏈；智能合約；以太坊；去中心化；供應鏈管理

並列摘要

Blockchain has become the most topical term due to the emergence of Bitcoin, and Bitcoin has made blockchain a technology that many experts and scholars are actively studying. The area in which blockchain can be used is not just a specific industry. Blockchains can be used in smart contracts, securities trading, e-commerce, the Internet of Things, social communications, file storage, identity verification, and the financial world. There are many revolutionized reforms in many industries driven by the Blockchain technology. In addition, the concept of decentralization also makes the information not easy to be tampered with and arbitrarily disclosed, so that the data is guaranteed. Decentralization is also a major axis of smart contracts, and the Ethereum in Ethereum must be used. Smart contracts can also be used in supply chain management, saving the company a lot of time and cost. This study uses Solidity to conduct smart contract deployment of supply management through the Rinkeby test network in the Remix environment. First, take a simple single-sales smart contract as an example to carry out the decentralized shopping smart contract deployment to the implementation process. Secondly, it is deployed and tested for the more complicated trading contract with two transit transport industries. In addition, through the Rinkeby test network, an interface platform that can interface with other platforms. The results show that smart contracts can indeed enforce contractual transactions that protect buyers and sellers under decentralized conditions.