職能治療對慢性精神病人生活品質之成效探討──以南部某精神專科醫院為例

研究目的：本研究希望探討接受例行的精神治療照護服務的慢性精神病患，希望能探討在接受職能治療，以及強調工作訓練的介入後，對個案的生活品質能否有顯著的改善，以期檢討目前的醫療照護處置是否合適，提升臨床介入之效能。研究方法：研究徵募南部某精神專科醫院的慢性精神病患，依照其接受醫療照護服務模式的區別分成三組，每組30人，共計90人。第一組為接受職能治療加工作訓練組（OW）；第二組為只接受職能治療組（O）；第三組為未接受任何職能治療但接受一般醫療照護的常規治療組（N）。在接受各種介入滿三個月後，進行生活品質評估，每位受試者將填寫生活品質量表（36-Item Short Health Survey , SF-36）。以PASW Statistics 18統計軟體進行分析。結果：三組在性別、婚姻狀況、教育情況與診斷上，在統計上並無顯著的差異；在生活品質評估，可以發現三組在SF-36總分的平均數，可知OW組> O組> N組，且p<0.01，代表三組在統計上有顯著的差異。結論：慢性精神病患在接受職能治療的介入後，其生活品質高於沒有接受職能治療的病患，尤其是生理健康的部分。若職能治療的活動中加入工作訓練的元素，則能有效提升生理健康與心理健康的生活品質，有助於提升整體性的生活品質。

關鍵字

慢性精神病人；職能治療；生活品質

並列摘要

Purpose: This study sought to explore chronic psychiatric patients receiving routine psychotherapy services and hoped to explore whether there could be a significant improvement in the quality of life of individual cases after the intervention of occupational therapy in order to review the current medical care disposal is appropriate to enhance the effectiveness of clinical intervention. Methods: The study recruited chronic psychiatric patients in southern psychiatric hospital, divided into three groups according to their differences in the modes of medical care services, with 30 in each group, for a total of 90 people. The first group received occupational therapy and work training (OW); the second group received only occupational therapy (O); and the third group, the control group (N) who did not receive any occupational therapy. After the three months of intervention, quality of life assessment was performed, and each subject completed the 36-Item Short Health Survey (SF-36). Analyzed using PASW Statistics 18 statistical software. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in gender, marital status, education, and diagnosis among the three groups. In the quality of life assessment, the average number of SF-36 total scores in the three groups was found, and the OW group > O group > N Group was known, and p value is smaller than 0.01, representing a statistically significant difference between the three groups. Conclusion: After the intervention of patients receiving occupational therapy, the quality of life of chronic mental patients is higher than that of patients who have not received occupational treatment, especially the part of physical health. If the elements of work training are added to the occupational treatment activities, the quality of life of physical and mental health can be effectively improved and the overall quality of life can be enhanced.