台灣工業用水污水回收指標建立及方案評估之研究

A Study on Indicator Establishment and Program Evaluation of Industrial Wastewater Recycling in Taiwan

官世杰(Shih-Chieh Kuan)

指導教授 ： 楊東震

義守大學/管理學院/管理碩博士班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

隨著全球暖化及環境衝擊日益嚴重，各國政府紛紛制定許多嚴苛的規範，以解決環境汙染的問題，對環境友善的綠色製程是國際趨勢，也是企業競爭優勢。
目前我國水資源匱乏，工商農業水資源需求大為增加，更須加強水資源的管理利用，提升能資源使用效率及提升產業綠色競爭力等目標，進而帶動產業之綠色成長與轉型。本研究藉由二者政府與廠商業者角度分析，工業污水回收再利用是否可普遍於產業執行，藉以技術面、成本面、政策面分析探討，並以德菲層級分析程序法作為第一、二回合的問卷探討評估污水再生技術系統評估指標，第三、四回合以AHP層級分析法運算分析得到相對權重值並做一致性檢定。
就結果顯示，可得知「技術可行性」構面(0.4402)為最高，其次為「成本優勢」構面(0.2802)，最後為「處理效能」構面(0.2795)。表示專家在污水再生技術系統方案的評估選擇中，「技術的可行性」為最高考量的重要因素，其次才是「成本優勢」，最後才是「處理效能」。就結果顯示『技術可行性』(0.44025)為最重要考慮因素，而其中又以『實用程度』(0.4117)為最重要，在「處理效能」構面(0.2795)中可得知「污水回收率」(0.4427)為重要優先考量，其次才是「汙染物去除率」(0.3508)與「操作彈性」(0.2064)，在「成本優勢」構(0.2802)中可得知「電力成本」(0.4117)為重要優先考量，其次才是「人事成本」(0.2777)，與「設備成本」(0.1779)。
本研究在污水再生技術系統方案的評估選擇中，結果顯示第一『薄膜過濾技術』系統方案中以實用程度權重值(0.4112)和技術成熟(0.4112)為最高，其次才是汙染物去除率(0.3939)，第二『活性碳吸附技術』系統方案以操作難易度(0.3943)為最高，其次為操作彈性(0.3530)，再者設備成本(0.3226)，第三『離子交換法技術』系統方案以電力成本(0.2861)為最高，其次為污水回收率(0.2665)，再者是操作參數影響(0.2380)。第四『電透析法技術』系統方案以操作參數影響(0.2751)為最高，其次為維修保養成本(0.2514)，再者才是人事成本(0.2235)。
對於汙水再生的意願研究結果將能提供政府及企業瞭解各項再生技術其優勢及劣勢，並提供未來研究和發展污水再生之方向。以作為日後政府相關部門未來推廣汙水再生議題決策參考，期能提高國家資源整體利用效率。

關鍵字

污水再生 ； 德菲層級分析程序法 ； 污水再生技術

並列摘要

Due to global warming and environmental impact is increasing seriously, Governments have developed a number of strict norms to solve the problem of environmental pollution. The environmentally friendly green process is not only an international trend but also business competitive advantage.
At present, our country lack of water resources. Demand for industrial and agriculture water has increased significantly. It is necessary to strengthen the management and utilization of water resources. Enhance the efficiency of resource use and the green competitiveness of the industry and other objectives and then drive the industry's green growth and transformation. This study is based on the perspective of both government and manufacturer. Whether industrial wastewater recovery and reuse can be widely implemented in industry. We discuss on three points: 1.the technical side, 2.cost level 3.policy, and using Delphi Hierarchy Process as the first to second round questionnaire to evaluate the evaluation pointer of wastewater regeneration technology system, using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy process) as third to fourth round questionnaire to calculate the relative Weight value and makes the consistency check. The results show that the "Technical feasibility" (0.4402) is the highest, followed by the "Cost advantage"(0.2802), and the final is the "processing efficiency" (0.2795). It indicates that the "Technical feasibility" is the most important factor in specialist opinions and the second is the "Cost advantage", and finally the "processing efficiency". The results show that the "technical feasibility"(0.44025) is the most important consideration, and the "utility"(0.4117) is the most important in the "technical feasibility"(0.44025) , and the "sewage recovery rate"(0.4427) can be found in the "Processing efficiency" (0.2795) is an important priority, followed by the "pollutant removal rate"(0.3508) and "operational resiliency"(0.2064), in the "cost advantage" (0.2802) "Electric Power Cost"(0.4117) is an important priority, followed by "Personnel Cost"(0.2777), and "Device Cost"(0.1779).
In this study, the results show that in the system scheme of "membrane filtration technology", the weight value of practical degree (0.4112) and the technology maturity (0.4112) are the highest, followed by the pollutant removal rate ( 0.3939). Activated carbon adsorption technology "system scheme to operate with difficulty (0.3943) is the highest, followed by the operation of the elastic (0.3530), and the cost of equipment (0.3226)." Ion Exchange Technology "system scheme to power costs (0.2861) is the highest, followed by the sewage recovery rate (0.2665), and the operation parameters affect (0.2380).The "electro-dialysis Technology" system scheme is affected by the operating parameters (0.2751) is the highest, followed by maintenance costs (0.2514), and then the personnel cost (0.2235). "
The results of the study will provide the Government and company with the advantages and disadvantages of the regeneration technology, and provide the research and development direction of the wastewater regeneration in the further. As a reference for government departments to promote the issue of wastewater regeneration in the further, and expect to improve the overall utilization efficiency of national resources.

並列關鍵字

Sewage recovery ； Analytic Hierarchy process ； Delphi Hierarchy Process ； sewage recovery technology

參考文獻

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