無線感測網路的錨節點資料收集之研究

The Study of Data Gathering Methods of Anchor Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

梁進鴻(Jin-Hong Liang)

指導教授 ： 陳啟彰

義守大學/電機資訊學院/資訊工程學系/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6343/ISU.2015.00376

摘要

在本論文中，我們提出兩種類型的錨節點資料收集演算法，第一種類型是針對固定錨節點(Fixed Anchor)進行封包路由的路徑選擇，我們將感測區域進行正六邊形的切割並將錨節點置於區域的正中心位置，然後採用極座標的方式對於平面上的正六邊形加以定址，根據六邊形的環數編號，規劃出多跳的路由路徑選擇，再依選擇的路徑將感測資料傳送至中心位置的錨節點，透過路徑的選擇可以分散能源消耗集中的問題使網路存活時間得以提升。第二種類型是針對以移動錨節點(Mobile Anchor)進行資料收集的路徑規劃，我們在路徑規劃上採用預設路徑進行移動並可以均勻的遍歷整個感測區域，我們將感測區域切割成正六邊形並採用正六邊形的空間填充曲線- Node-Gosper Curve，作為自走車的移動軌跡，在六邊形網格中心點進行資料收集。我們也提出了Gosper Islands的座標系統，可以得到所有六邊形網格的中心點座標位置使錨節點可以確定下一個廣播座標。在我們的模擬實驗中，假設所有網格都使用相同的外接圓半徑，Node-Gosper Curve的方法將比其他類型的方法使用更少的廣播次數、較短的路徑以及更節省能源。

關鍵字

固定錨節點資料收集 ； 移動錨節點資料收集 ； 路徑選擇 ； 路徑規劃 ； 無線感測網路

並列摘要

In this thesis, we propose two types of data gathering algorithms of anchor nodes in wireless sensor networks. The first type is for fixed anchors and the second type is for mobile anchors. In the first type of data gathering, we tessellate the sensing region into hexagons and place the fixed anchor at the center of the region. We address the hexagons in the plane by using a coordinate system similar to the polar coordinate system. According to the ring indices of hexagons, we select the routing path of multi-hopping and transmit the sensing data to the anchor by the selected path. The routing can scatter the energy and increase the network lifetime. In the second type of data gathering, we use a prearranged path to traverse the entire sensing region uniformly. We tessellate the sensing region into hexagons and use the Node-Gosper Curve, a space filling curve, as a trajectory for the robocar to gather data at the center of each hexagon grid. We propose a new way to describe the routing path passing the Gosper Islands. The new method can make the calculation of the central position of all hexagon grids easier. In our simulation, we assume the circumscribed circle of radius for each kind of the grid are the same, our proposed method uses less number of broadcasts, shorter length of routing path, and saving more energy than other well-known data gathering methods.

並列關鍵字

Data gathering by fixed anchor ； Data gathering by mobile anchor ； Path selection ； Path planning ； Wireless sensor network

參考文獻

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