當愛來臨：他與她共解礙/結愛–身心障礙者與非身心障礙者攜手的愛情敘說

When Love Comes：He Worked with Her to Solve the Obstacle －The Love Story of Disabled with Non-Disabled Persons

張湉聆(TIAN-LING CHANG)

指導教授 ： 王慧琦

朝陽科技大學/人文暨社會學院/社會工作系/碩士(2019年)

摘要

本研究目的是探討身心障礙者與非身心障礙者所組成的對偶關係中，知覺到的個人與伴侶，並分析討論感情狀態從單身、交往再到婚姻，整個歷程中，遭逢的阻礙因子與阻礙轉化關鍵。

為探求回應研究問題，本研究採質性立意取樣，搭配滾雪球方式篩選研究參與者，以半結構式訪談大綱進行深度訪談，採用敘事研究進行資料分析與呈現。研究結果敘說3對夫妻的愛情歷程，共計6位參與者，障別為肢體、視覺兩類，當中肢體障礙男性一名，視覺障礙男性與女性各一名，配偶皆為非身心障礙者。

研究結果發現：
一、愛情發展歷程是一個從個體到群體的歷程，由單身、交往到婚姻的三個階段中，呈現出探索、行動、相處、克服、角色和責任共六個面向，且具有張力的表現。

二、愛情歷程中，有來自個人、環境以及兩者交互反應等三類阻礙因子。
(一)個人阻礙因子：源於個人過去創傷的交往經驗、對本身的外貌、條件滿意程度，身心障礙者因障礙現象相對非身心障礙者容易糾結於條件不足的困境之中。
(二)環境阻礙因子：受到交友圈窄化、輿論壓力所致。
(三)交互反應阻礙因子：來自關係中雙方個性差異造成摩擦、環境賦予角色應擔起的責任。

三、阻礙轉化關鍵為：(1)解構陰影，釐清分手歸因；(2)友善的支持網絡；(3)認識與接納自我現況；(4)主動勇敢開拓人際；(5)實際相處打破刻板印象；(6)接納對方特質，彼此相互調整；(7)伴侶護航原本的自我。

依據研究結果與發現，提出建議身心障礙者面臨親密關係徬徨時，能多面向檢視造成徬徨的原由，另外，針對從事親密關係的助人工作者或相關從業人員，提出繼續教育的提醒，而向外發展至鉅式環境時，能建立相關政策、立法，保障身心障礙者不受邊緣或排除，以具平等立足的機會。最後，研究者就整個研究歷程提出個人反思以及本研究之限制。

關鍵字：身心障礙者、非身心障礙者、愛情歷程、阻礙因子、阻礙轉化關鍵。

關鍵字

身心障礙者 ； 非身心障礙者 ； 愛情歷程 ； 阻礙因子 ； 阻礙轉化關鍵

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the recognition of individual and partner in the couple relationship between the disabled persons and the non-disabled persons, and to analyze the obstacles factors which interrupt the transition of the emotional state from singleness, relationship, to marriage in the whole process.

In order to answer my research questions, this study used the Purposive Sampling method and selected the participants in the Snowball Sampling method. It is conducted with semi-structured in-depth interview, and adopted a narrative inquiry approach to data analysis and presentation. The results of the study described the love history of the three couples. There were 6 participants. The obstacles were divided into physical and visual categories. One male was physically disabled, one male and one female were visually impaired, and the partners were all non-disabled.

Results are as follows:
I. The development of love is a journey from the individual to the group. From the three stages of singleness, relationship and marriage, it presents six aspects: exploration, action, getting along, overcoming, role and responsibility, and they all include a tense performance.

II. In the course of love, there are three types of obstacles from individuals, the environment, and the interaction between the two.
(1) Personal factor: from the experience of personal trauma in the past, the degree of satisfaction with the appearance and condition, the person with physical and mental disabilities is easily entangled in the predicament of lack of positive conditions due to the obstacle phenomenon.
(2) Environmental factors: caused by the narrowing of the circle of friends and the pressure of public opinion.
(3) Interaction Factors: frictions caused by differences in personality between the two parties in the relationship and the roles and responsibilities assigned by the environment.

III. The key obstacles to transitions are: (1) deconstructing the shadows, clarifying the break-up attribution; (2) friendly support network; (3) recognizing and accepting the self-state; (4) taking the initiative to bravely develop interpersonal relationships; (5) actually interacting with others to break the stereotype; (6) accept the characteristics of the other party and adjust for each other; (7) The partner escorts the original self.

Based on the findings of the study, it is suggested that when people with physical and mental disabilities face anxieties with intimate relationships, they inspect the reasons for the anxieties. In addition, intimate relationship related helpers and practitioners are reminded of continuing education. When developing outward into a huge environment, it is possible to establish relevant policies and legislation to ensure that people with physical and mental disabilities are not marginalized or excluded, so as to have equal chances. Finally, the researcher presented personal reflections on the entire research process and the limitations of this study.

Key Words: disabled persons, non-disabled persons, love history, obstacles, obstacles to transition

並列關鍵字

disabled persons ； non-disabled persons ； love history ； obstacles ； obstacles to transition

參考文獻

潘淑滿(2005)。台灣母職圖像。女學學誌：婦女與性別研究，20，41-91。

英文文獻：

Bowlby, J.(1973).Attachment and loss: Vol. 2, Separation anxiety and anger. New York:Basic.

Hazan, C. & Shaver, P.R.(1994). Attachment as an organizational frameword for research on close relationships.Psychological Inquiry, 5(1), 1-22.

James, W.(1890).The principles of psychology. New York:Holt,Rinehart and Winslon.