葉片營養元素氮及其養分含量分析方法之比較研究

The study of comparing analysis methods on the nitrogen and other elements of leaves nutrition

鄧淑燕(Shu-Yen Teng)

指導教授 ： 簡宣裕 ； 錢偉鈞

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/應用化學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

葉片養分元素中最重要且最多的是氮、磷及鉀三元素，本研究僅針對葉片中已知含氮量主成分之分析方法加以評估研究。探討以四種已知成分含量之不同葉片標準品比較三種不同的方法測定植體樣品含氮量之適用性。除了測定含氮量外，其前處理之稀釋液可由ICP測定其他必需營養元素之含量，主要探討(1) 硫酸分解法(加過氧化氫)；(2)凱氏分解法(加催化劑)以自動分析儀(比色分析法)分析葉片含氮量，比較(1)硫酸分解法(2)凱氏分解法所含的磷(P)、鉀(K)、鈣(Ca)、鎂(Mg)、鐵(Fe)、錳(Mn)、銅(Cu)、鋅(Zn)含量；另一方面以(3)元素分析儀直接測定植體樣品含氮量。
實驗過程中，三種不同的方法，含氮量的測值皆與標準品成分接近，且以自動分析儀(比色分析法)連續分析(1)硫酸分解法，(2) 凱氏分解法前處理方法葉片含氮量多達500個樣品，然(2) 凱氏分解法之方法因受催化劑干擾，無法準確測得其他必需元素之含量，尤其是三要素中的鉀含量。而(3) 元素分析儀亦只能測得C，H，N，O，雖然精秤的樣品很微量，但葉片前處理磨碎的樣品不能太過粗糙化，必須是充分均勻混合的。比較三種不同的分析方法，則是以(1) 硫酸分解法(加過氧化氫)為最佳化。最適宜使用在大量的田間採樣分析。

關鍵字

凱氏分解法 ； 硫酸分解法

並列摘要

The most important and most nutritious elements on the leaves are three elements : Nitrogen(N),Phosphorus(P) and Potassium(K). In this study, try to study and evaluate the analysis method of the principal component, nitrogen, on the leaves only. To use the samples of the four different components on the leaves to compare three different methods of implant samples with nitrogen and to determine the applicability of nitrogen.
In addition to determination of nitrogen content, the pre-treatment of dilution can be measured the other content of the essential nutrients by ICP. This process try to investigate (1) Sulfuric acid digestion (add Hydrogen peroxide); (2) digestion of Kjeldahl digestion (add catalyst) to Automatic Analyzer (colorimetric analysis) analysis of leaf nitrogen content. To compare(1)sulfuric acid digestion (2) Kjeldahl digestion contained Phosphorus(P)、Potassium(K) 、Calcium(Ca)、Magnesium(Mg)、Iron(Fe)、Manganese(Mn)、Copper(Cu)、and Zinc (Zn)． On the other hand, to use the (3)Elemental Analyzer sample to determine the nitrogen content on the implant sample.
On the process of the experiment, there are three different ways. The nitrogen content of the measured value and standard components are close to. To continuously analyze(1) Sulfuric acid digestion, (2) Kjeldahl digestion by Automatic Analyzer (colorimetric analysis), the pre-treatments of the leaf consist the nitrogen contents are over five hundred of samples.
However, the (2) method of Kjeldahl digestion was interfered by the catalyst, it can not be accurately measured the levels of the other essential elements on the leaf, especially the Potassium, one of the three required elements. And, it only got the C, H, N, O by the (3) Elemental Analyzer. Although the precise scale of the samples was little, the pre-treatment sample on the leaf can not be too rough, they must be evenly mixed.
To compare the three different methods of analysis, the (1) method, Sulfuric acid digestion (add Hydrogen peroxide) for the optimized, is the best way to be used in a large number of sampling and analysis on the field.

並列關鍵字

Kjeldahl digestion ； Sulfuric acid digestion

參考文獻

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