高增益之切換耦合電感切換電容式升壓型直流轉換器的設計與實作

Design and Implementation of A High-Gain Switched-Coupled-Inductor Switched-Capacitor Step-Up DC-DC Converter

林佳勳(Jia-Syun Lin)

指導教授 ： 張原豪

朝陽科技大學/資訊學院/資訊工程系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本篇提出閉迴路設計之高增益之切換耦合電感切換電容式升壓型直流轉換器(A High-Gain Switched-Coupled-Inductor Switched- Capacitor Step-Up Converter, SCISC)設計與實作，並結合鋸齒波產生器和脈波寬度調變技術(Pulse-Width-Modulation, PWM)的補償器以及非重疊電路，以進行控制整個電路升壓轉換率與電壓調節。在本文提出的電力轉換電路中包含了兩個子電路：(i)切換耦合電感(SCI)升壓電路，(ii)三階段切換電容(SC)倍壓電路。理論上，SCI升壓電路中，藉由箝位電容與耦合電感匝數比可提供(2+n-D)/(1-D)VS電壓增益，然後透過SC三倍壓電路，使整體升壓增益最多可以達到3(2+n-D)/(1-D)VS，而D代表的是SCI電路中MOSFET的Duty-Cycle。實際上，當SCISC的Duty-Cycle大約在0.6及匝數比等於4時，可以達到37倍升壓。在此，本論文採用PWM技術，透過閉迴路補償實際電壓值與期望電壓值之間的誤差以增強輸出的調整能力，也針對了負載變動與電源變動下加強輸出的強健性。此閉迴路SCISC的設計使用了OrCAD Pspice進行電路模擬並了幾個例子，如穩態輸出電壓轉換、電源雜訊抑制能力或負載變動以及參考電壓變動時轉換器的調節能力。最後實作電路，以證實本文提出轉換器的可行性。

關鍵字

脈波寬度調變(PWM) ； 切換式電容(SC) ； 切換式耦合電感(SCI) ； 高增益 ； 升壓轉換器

並列摘要

A closed-loop high-gain switched-coupled-inductor switched-capacitor (SCISC) converter is proposed by combining a sawtooth wave generator, pulse-width-modulation-based (PWM- based) compensator and non-overlapping circuit for step-up DC-DC conversion and regulation. The power part between source VS and output VO contains two sub-circuits: (i) a switched- coupled-inductor (SCI) booster circuit, and (ii) a three-stage switched-capacitor (SC) tripler circuit. With the help of a clamping capacitor and a coupled-inductor with the turn ratio n, this SCI booster can provide the voltage of (2+n-D)/(1-D)VS theoretically, where D means the duty cycle of the MOSFET. And then by using the SC tripler, the overall step-up gain can reach to 3(2+n-D)/(1-D) at most. Practically, this SCISC can boost the voltage gain up to 37 when D=0.6, n=4. Further, the PWM technique is adopted not only to enhance the output regulation for the compensation of the dynamic error between the practical and desired outputs, but also to reinforce output robustness against source or loading variation. Finally, the closed-loop SCISC is designed by OrCAD SPICE and simulated for some cases: steady-state and dynamic responses. All results are illustrated to show the efficacy of the proposed scheme.

並列關鍵字

pulse-width-modulation ； switched-capacitor ； switched-coupled-inductor ； high-gain ； step-up converter

參考文獻

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