台灣銀行業境外金融中心作為大陸台商資金調度中心之研究

The Feasibilby of Taiwanese Bank’s OBU as a Funding Center for Taiwanese Businesses in Mainland

邱岳瑩(Yueh-Ying Chiu)

指導教授 ： 鄒建中

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/財務金融系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

近十餘年來，由於全球化時代的來臨，國際間經貿往來頻繁，加諸政府陸續鬆綁對中國大陸的投資，致使國內經濟與投資環境產生急遽變化，國人對外投資之金額每年呈現大幅度成長，尤其台商經由第三地赴大陸投資的金額更是為數可觀。
面對全球如此激烈的發展趨勢，為了提升競爭力，多國籍企業會藉由租稅天堂進行全球佈局，甚至利用不同國家、地區之間的稅制差異，來規劃他們的投資稅負。經由第三地赴大陸投資的台商，也有很大比率是以租稅天堂為橋樑來運作的。租稅天堂到底有哪些吸引投資的誘因呢？除了給投資者享有免稅待遇外，它在財務規劃與資金調度、設立公司的手續、經貿管制、投資保障、政治風險的分擔，以及填補經濟租稅協定不足等方面，所扮演的有利角色，也是我們關注的焦點。
大陸台商業務規模不斷擴增，對銀行各項服務需求也日益殷切，在兩岸政經問題沒有明朗化及金融協商尚未達成共識之前，我國銀行業到現在還是無法登陸設立分行或子行，只好透過境外金融中心OBU間接和台商客戶做生意，使得OBU獲利持續成長，但因我國法令的種種束縛，台商寧願選擇和外國或大陸銀行OBU往來，甚至融資也已逐漸當地化，政府當務之急實應及早規劃如何將台商之資金與業務留在本國OBU，然後開放設分行、子行，以增強國內銀行之競爭力。
若我國政府能在安全考量無虞下，迅速且有效率地繼續開放本國銀行OBU的諸多限制，甚至開放大陸台商回台上市機制，讓本國銀行OBU成為台商資金的調度平台，才能落實政府喊了多年要協助台商在大陸發展的口號，進而減低所謂「債留台灣」的風險。
大陸台商融資市場不斷成長，台灣金融業與大陸台商客戶配合已久，不論財務與信用狀況、或操作模式均有一定程度之瞭解，儘管面對外商銀行及陸資銀行虎視眈眈的金融版圖爭奪戰，如能在政府政策開放與金融業界積極拓展OBU業務的相輔相成配合下，提供台商更多元化及便利之融資服務，並掌握風險之控管，方能使台商在全球布局上無後顧之憂，創造政府、銀行業與產業界的三贏榮景。

關鍵字

境外公司 ； 國際金融業務分行 ； 境外金融中心

並列摘要

For the past decade, both Taiwan’s economy and the investment environment have changed rapidly due to the frequent international trades in the globalization era, and the evolution of the government’s policies to gradually set loose originally restricted China investment. Money invested in foreign countries has increased dramatically each year. Above all, it has not been a small potato for the money invested in China via the third country by Taiwanese businessmen.
In order to strengthen their competition with the coming of globalization, multi-nation enterprises tend to utilize some tax paradises for their overall arrangement. They even make up their “perfect” tax plans by utilizing the different tax policies among different countries and regions. A large percentage of Taiwanese enterprises in China via a third place do their businesses bridged by the tax paradise. What are the incentives tax paradises can offer? Besides providing enterprises with tax-exempts, tax-free paradises also play a large part in many things such as how to configure a finance and cash flow plan, what procedures and requirements are needed to set up companies in such places, how to set loose the economics and trade restrictions, how to safeguard the investments and diverse the political risks, and how to react to the deficient tax treaty.
As the Taiwanese business scale in China continues to expand, the demand for diversified services offered by banks is increasing. But Taiwanese banks still cannot set up branches or official offices in China pending the unstable political and economical environment, and the consensus not yet reached through financial negotiations. There is no choice but to go through the OBU. This is the major reason why the OBU continues to make profits. Owing to the numerous restrictions of Taiwan’s laws, Taiwanese enterprises in China choose to do business with the OBU of foreign banks or Chinese banks. The Taiwanese enterprises have further started to obtain financial services from the local banks in China. It is the front burner for the Taiwanese government to manage to have the capital and financial services stay in Taiwan’s OBU, and permit Taiwan’s banks to establish branches and official offices in China to uplift their own competition strength.
If our government could, under the circumstances where the safety is guaranteed, promptly and effectively continue and support the local OBU business, or even allow Taiwanese enterprises in China to be listed in the Taiwan’s stock market, only then can it become possible for Taiwanese enterprises in China to consider the OBU as their banking facilities. This way, the government’s slogan to support Taiwanese enterprises in China can be fulfilled, and the risks of “debt in Taiwan” can be alleviated.
The financing market for Taiwanese enterprises in China is growing nonstop. There’s been keen competition for the financial market between foreign banks and Chinese banks, leaving Taiwanese banks cool-shouldered. Normally, Taiwan banks have histories doing business with Taiwanese enterprises in China. They know better about their financial and credit status, as well as their operation models to a certain degree. Based on this, if our government could further assist the banking industry by not restricting its OBU business development, the OBU could then offer the Taiwanese enterprises in China a more diversified and more convenient financial service, and a better risk control. This way, they are well backed up in their globalization plan. Ultimately, it’s bound to lead to a triple win situation for the government, the banking industry, and the production industries.

並列關鍵字

OBU ； Offshore Company ； Offshore Banking Branch

參考文獻

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