微利時代的來臨,一般個人或家庭若想累積資產,就要有良好的理財觀念。因此,近幾年來,共同基金逐漸成為現代人熱門的理財工具,投資者期待報酬率所帶來的財富,但是基金種類繁多,投資者在挑選基金投資標的時,基金績效持續性成為一個重要的參考指標,當共同基金績效具持續性時,投資人便可利用過去基金所顯現的績效做為未來投資的參考。 因此,本研究建構2003年5月至2008年5月,國內共143支開放股票型基金的balance panel data。首先利用Jensen模型與Chang and Lewellen模型分別探討國內共同基金是否具有選股及擇時能力。進一步運用績效二分法檢定與Spearman等級相關檢定驗證國內共同基金是否有績效持續性。並探討基金追漲殺跌策略是否會受不同屬性基金的影響,而產生不同的結果。但有鑑於以往研究大多只著重於全樣本基金的追漲殺跌策略,卻忽略個別基金屬性的影響。因此,本研究進一步將國內開放股票型共同基金分為一般型、科技型、中小型、上櫃型、價值型以及特殊型等六類型的基金分別探討,除運用Fama-French (1993) 發展出的三因子模型外,並加入Carhart (1997) 所提出一年期的動能因子成為四因子模型,期找出不同屬性基金適合的投資策略。希望藉由本研究之實證,使投資者可根據自己的理財需求與投資屬性,選擇適合的共同基金進行投資,提供一個較具實用性之投資理財策略建議或參考。 實證結果發現,國內開放股票型共同基金普遍具有顯著選股能力,卻不具擇時能力。以績效二分法檢定推估,短期較長期基金績效具持續性的可能機率較高,而Sharpe指標對Spearman等級相關排序,結果顯示2004至2007年國內股票開放型基金存在績效持續性之特性。在Carhart (1997) 四因子模型實證方面,國內一般型、科技型、中小型、價值型與特殊型之共同基金,其Portfolio1追漲殺跌之程度較強,且具有較高的超額報酬。因此,基金經理人多偏好投資報酬率績效佳的股票,表示多數國內共同基金經理人傾向採用追漲殺跌的操盤策略。
The micro-profit era is coming, if the individual or family wants to accumulate wealth, must have the good finances sense. Recently, mutual funds are becoming popular financial instruments in modern; investors expect the return rate that comes from wealth. But there are a variety of funds, hence the performance persistence of mutual funds have become the important indicator, when investors select the object of funds. This paper constructs the balance panel data of 143 stock form mutual funds during the period of 2003/05-2008/05. By applying the models of Jensen (1968), Chang and Lewellen (1984), Odds ratio test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient test, and 4-factor model of Carhart (1997), we detect the performance persistence of mutual fund and the suitable strategies of different types of mutual funds. Empirical results show that fund performance has the persistence in the short-run. The results of ordering of Spearman rank correlation from Sharp index show that stock form mutual funds have significant stock selectivity ability, especially in 2004-2007. With respect to the result of 4-factor model, we find that mutual fund with general, high-tech, small and medium, value, and special types have the more strength momentum from Portfolio1. Therefore there is a trend in invest in batter perform stock. This implies that most mutual fund managers tend to use the momentum strategy.