都會區機車騎士空氣污染物暴露評估研究

Exposure of Air Pollutants for Motorcyclists in Metropolitan Area

黃冠儒(Guan-ru Huang)

指導教授 ： 楊錫賢

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

近年來機車數量隨著生活水準提高而大增，使得上班族利用機車通勤數量也隨之增加機車，成為全台最普遍個人交通工具。過去許多研究指出空氣中大部份揮發性有機物(Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)污染以汽機車所排放的廢氣為主要污染源，加上移動污染源所排放的ㄧ氧化碳(CO)、總碳氫化合物(THC)皆佔有相當比例，因此本研究進行都會區機車騎士通勤時所暴露之揮發性有機物、一氧化碳、總碳氫化合物濃度監測，探討機車騎士暴露於污染物之情況。結果顯示，平日尖峰時段一氧化碳濃度為11.8 ± 8.37 ppm，離峰時段為3.54 ± 2.32 ppm；平日尖峰時段總碳氫化合物為7.79 ± 4.37 ppm，離峰時段為1.56 ± 0.98 ppm；平日尖峰時段VOCs濃度為4589 ± 509 μg/m3，離峰時段為1794 ± 122 μg/m3。並利用點散佈圖了解定點採樣與車流量關聯性，研究發現一氧化碳、總碳氫化合物及VOCs與車流量具有關聯性(相關係數 = 0.73、0.8與0.83)，表示車流量多寡明顯影響一氧化碳、總碳氫化合物及VOCs濃度。BTEX比值平均為1：4.04：0.8：2.1，以Toluene濃度最高，Xylene次之。

關鍵字

空氣污染物 ； 機車騎士 ； 都會區 ； 揮發性有機物

並列摘要

Motorcycles, being the most popular personal means of transportation in Taiwan, have increased in number with rising living standards. Many researches have indicated that vehicle emissions are the main pollution source of most Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere. Also, the Carbon monoxide and THC emitted by mobile pollution sources are considerably high in percentage. Therefore, this research will investigate the VOCs, CO, and THC concentrations motorcyclists are exposed during their commune in metropolitan areas.The results show that on non holidays, CO concentration during peak hours is 11.8 ± 8.37 ppm and 3.54 ± 2.32 ppm for non peak hours. Also on non holidays, peak hours THC concentration is at 7.79 ± 4.37 ppm and non peak hours 1.56 ± 0.98 ppm. VOCs concentration during peak hours is 4589 ± 509 μg/m3 and 1794 ± 122 μg/m3 during non peak hours on non holidays. Scatterplot is applied to relate stationary sampling and car flow. The results demonstrate positive relativity between the CO, THC, VOCs and car flow amount (the correlation coefficients are 0.73, 0.8 and 0.83) indicating car flow having evident effects on concentration of CO, THC, and VOCs. The BTEX ratio averages 1: 4.04: 0.8: 2.1 with highest concentration of Toluene seconded by Xylene.

並列關鍵字

Volatile Organic Compounds ； Metropolitan Area ； Motorcyclist ； Air Pollutant

參考文獻

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