工具機配線椅之人因設計與評估

Design and Ergonomic Evaluation of a Work Chair for Wiring Task of CNC Machine Center

林祐全(Yu-Chuan Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳協慶

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/工業工程與管理系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究主要目的在於設計一張供工具機電氣箱配線作業之專用椅，並評估其降低作業人員肌肉負荷之效益。
本研究以AutoCAD進行工作椅設計，後續應用JACK軟體以電子人型模擬配線作業之工作姿勢，以進行設計修改。完成後之原型座椅以12位健康男性為受試者進行實驗評估，比較使用與未使用手臂支撐輔助時肌肉活動電位（EMG）及主觀知覺施力調查之差異，藉此評估使用新設計配線椅之作業負荷是否低於傳統用椅。
研究結果顯示使用新設計配線椅時，前三角肌與上斜方肌之EMG和肩頸、肘腕部位之主觀施力皆低於傳統用椅；背直肌EMG會隨作業高度的降低而有減少的趨勢；橈側伸腕肌則是明顯受到使用工具的影響。本研究證實提供手臂支撐能在適當的高度範圍內，降低配線作業時肩頸肌肉的負荷，但手臂支撐的使用可能會限制部分工作姿勢與肌群之施力。

關鍵字

手部支撐 ； 肌肉活動電位 ； JACK軟體 ； 肌肉骨骼傷害

並列摘要

The aims of this study were to design a work chair with arm support specially for wiring task of computerized numerical control machine center and to evaluate if the proposed chair can reduce muscle load of the workers. The chair was designed by using AutoCAD software and then evaluated by various simulated working postures of digital manikin created by JACK software. The efficacy of the proposed chair use was evaluated by 12 healthy males. Their electromyographys and perceived exertions when working with and without the use of arm support were compaired to justify if the proposed chair can outperform a traditional chair.
Experimental results show the use of arm support significantly reduce EMG in anterior deltoid and upper trapezius muscles, and perceived exertions in wrist, elbow, and neck and shoulder regions. The erector EMG decreases with decrerasing work height. The tool used significantly affects EMG in extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis. This study confirms the proposed chair with arm support can lessen muscle workload in neck and shoulder muscles for a proper range of work height. However, the use of arm support may restrict certain working postures and force generation of upper extremity muscles.

並列關鍵字

Musculoskeletal disorders ； JACK software ； electromyography ； arm-support

參考文獻

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