台中地區農會主管領導風格對員工工作倦怠之影響:以職場友誼為中介變項

The Relationship between Leader’s Leadership Style and Employee’s Job Burnout in the Farmer’s Association in Taichung Area：The Mediator Variable of Workplace Friendship

楊金璇(Jin-Shyun Yang)

指導教授 ： 張純莉

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/企業管理系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

企業在面對全球化競爭環境之下，皆採取因應改革措施，然而這些改變也對員工產生了壓力與緊張的感受，在環境快速變遷的今日，員工必須不斷地面對著壓力，長期下來員工的倦怠感可說是相當普遍的現象， 以人為資本的企業更應當重視此問題，並且進一步探討是否能透過職場友誼的影響，能讓主管與員工提升溝通效率與改善工作倦怠情形。
因此本研究以農會為研究對象，瞭解主管與員工工作倦怠之關係，並以職場友誼為中介變項。本研究採用問卷調查，共發放問卷360份，有效問卷為303份，有效回收率為94.98％。本研究採用迴歸方法分析資料，研究結果顯示：(1) 主管的轉換型與交易型領導行為皆會影響員工的工作倦怠，並且呈現負相關(2) 農會員工知覺轉換型領導與交易型領導程度愈高，其員工職場友誼的程度就愈高(3) 職場友誼對工作倦怠具有部分負向影響，即受測者對其職場友誼認知的程度愈高，其工作倦怠程度愈低(4) 職場友誼在領導風格與工作倦怠間具有中介效果。
根據研究結果，農會主管採用轉換型領導和交易型領導皆可降低員工倦怠感並增進彼此的友誼關係，與員工建立良好的友誼亦有助改善員工的工作倦怠，提升農會員工對來訪農會之民眾的服務表現。

關鍵字

工作倦怠 ； 領導風格 ； 轉換型領導 ； 交易型領導 ； 職場友誼

並列摘要

Facing globalization and competitive environment, industries and companies in the world all apply new policies to transform the organization. However, new policy and transformation will inevitably give staff the feeling of pressure and stress. This is a world of rapidly changing environment, employees have to face pressure all the time and that is also the reason why burnout is a usual syndrome among employees. When a company sees human capital as an important resource, it should think and emphasize this problem. Therefore, this study will focus on this problem and also try to examine the effect of workplace friendship on communicative efficiency between manager and staff and its effect on job burnout.
The research subject of this study is farmer’s association. This study will examine the relationship between job burnout and other variables and will put workplace friendship as an intermediate variable. This study applies the method of questionnaire survey, the total number of questionnaires is 360 and the number of valid questionnaires is 303. The percentage of valid questionnaire is 94.98%. The statistical method of this study is regression. The results of this study are: (1) the transformational and transactional leadership behavior of manager will have negative effect and relationship on employee’s job burnout. (2) When farmer’s association employee’s perception of transformational leadership and transactional leadership is higher, then their perception of workplace friendship will be higher. (3) Workplace friendship has partial negative effect on job burnout, which means when subject’s perception of workplace friendship is higher, and then their perception of job burnout will be lower. (4) Workplace friendship has intermediate effect between leadership style and job burnout.
Based on the findings of this research, we can conclude that the application of transformational and transactional leadership among leaders in farmer’ s association can reduce employee’s job burnout and increase their workplace friendship. If manager and leader in farmer’ s association can have good friendship with employees, then this effort will also positively change job burnout among workers and enhance their service performance.

並列關鍵字

Leadership Style ； Transformational Leadership ； Transactional Leadership ； Job Burnout ； Workplace Friendship

參考文獻

許素英(2011)。非營利組織轉型社會企業之變遷衝擊分析-以菩提長青村為例。未出版碩士論文，暨南國際大學公共行政與政策學系，南投。

董文慧、顏志龍(2008)。轉換型領導與交易型領導對領導者與部屬交換關係之預測效果－價值觀相似性的中介效果。復興崗學報，91期，19-48。

諸承明(2000)。親信關係與員工績效評估之關聯性研究-從差序格局探討主管對部屬的評估偏差。管理評論，19(3)，125-147。

Potter, B. A.1985,Beating Job Burnout ：how to transform work pressure into productivity. Berkeley：Ronin

丁文郁(1998)。台灣農民非營利組織策略規劃之研究-以台灣農會為例。未出版博士論文，國立台灣大學農業推廣學系研究所，台北。