台灣以英語為外語的大一學生之內/外在動機與完美主義探究

Intrinsic/Extrinsic Motivation and Perfectionism of EFL College Freshman Students in Taiwan

郭雅筑(Yachu Kuo)

指導教授 ： 陳姿青

朝陽科技大學/人文暨社會學院/應用外語系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

動機和完美主義，兩個屬於個人差異的重要關鍵詞，在近來受到一定程度的關注。本研究主旨在探討台灣大一學生的英語學習動機及完美主義類型，以透過400位台灣以英語為外語的大一學生來檢測。本研究中使用兩個量表：(1) Amabile (1994)的 the Work Preference Inventory (Students Version) 及(2) Hewitt & Flett (1991) 的Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale。本研究目的為提出及檢測以英語為外語的大一學生之學習動機及完美主義類型。Miquelon et al. (2005)曾指出動機類型和多面向完美主義是有關。因此，以英語為外語的學習動機和完美主義的關系也將探究。更進一步地，參與者的背景差異和上述的變項也同時會探討。
本研究資科蒐集是透過問卷調查，並使用描述性統計，t檢定，皮爾森相關及單因子變異數分析以進行資料分析。本研究的顯著水準為.05。研究的主要發現大多數台灣大一學生主要是內在動機和自我傾向的完美主義者。此外也發現以英語為外語的學習動機和完美主義之間存在著正向相關。自我傾向的完美主義與內/外在動機兩者有正向相關；其他傾向完美主義與外在動機有負面相關。同時，本研究也發現就基本背景(性別，年齡及主修)並不影響台灣大一學生的動機類型。然而，不同的年齡及主修卻影響大一學生有不同的完美主義類型。針對MPS，18歲的大一學生比20歲的大一學生有較高的完美主義傾向。此外，跟農學院的大一學生比，管理學院的大一學生有較高的完美主義傾向。
這份研究可提供大學教師如何透過語言教學來指導學生及安排英語課程。此外，也能幫助台灣大一學生增進其英文能力。

關鍵字

EFL 大一學生 ； 完美主義 ； 台灣 ； 內/外在動機

並列摘要

The concept of motivation and perfectionism represent two important individual difference variables that have received considerable attention. This study presents the results of two questionnaires combined into one questionnaire and administered to 371 Taiwanese EFL college freshman students in order to identify their learning motivation and perfectionism types. The two instruments used in this study were: (1) the Work Preference Inventory (Students Version) created by Amabile (1994); and (2) the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale designed by Hewitt and Flett (1991). The purpose of this study was to propose and identify the types of learning motivation and perfectionism of EFL college freshman students in Taiwan. Miquelon et al. (2005) claimed that type of motivation is associated with multidimensional perfectionism. Therefore, the relationship of motivation and perfectionism in terms of EFL learning was also investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between differences in respondents’ background characteristics and these variables were also explored.
Data for this study were gathered from the respondents through a survey questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t- test, Pearson’s correction coefficient, and one-way ANOVA. The significant level was set at .05. The statistical analyses of the questionnaires indicated that most EFL college freshman students in Taiwan are intrinsic-motivation types and self-oriented perfectionists. Also found was a positive relationship between motivation and perfectionism toward EFL learning. Self-oriented perfectionism was found to be positively related to intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and other-oriented perfectionism was associated with extrinsic motivation. It was also found that there is no significant difference between motivation type and the respondents’ background characteristics in terms of gender, age, and college major. However, the results did indicate that perfectionism differed significantly among the respondents in terms of age and college majors. Students age 18 showed higher positive levels on MPS than students age 20. In addition, students from management majors have significantly higher perfectionism tendencies than students from agriculture majors.
The results of this study can provide college English instructors with guidance to teach students how to study through the medium of EFL instruction and to plan an EFL curriculum. They could also help to improve the English abilities of EFL college freshman students in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

EFL college freshman students ； Taiwan ； perfectionism ； Intrinsic/ Extrinsic motivation

參考文獻

Hsu, Y. T (1994). The relationships among Junior High School Students’ language anxiety Learning motivation and strategy (Unpublished master’s thesis. National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan).

邱皓政(2000)。工作動機的內生性與外生性：台灣與美國大學生動機內涵之計量研究。應用心理研究，7，221-251。

陳雅琪(2008)。臺北縣市國小舞蹈班與普通班學生完美主義及成就表現之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學，台北市。

Accordino, D. B., Accordino, M. P., & Slaney, R. B. (2000). An investigation of perfectionism, mental health, achievement and achievement motivation in adolescents. Psychology in the Schools, 37 (6), 535-545.

Ambile, T. M., Hill, K. G., Hennessey, B.A., & Tighe, E. M. (1994) The work preference inventory: assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 950-967.