間歇抽真空操冷凍乾燥研究設備之建構與操作參數之探討

The establishment of an intermittent vacuuming freeze-drying system and the study of operation parameters

洪呈龍(Cheng-Lung Hung)

指導教授 ： 陳齊聖

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/中科精密化學碩士在職專班/碩士(2012年)

摘要

真空冷凍乾燥技術之原理是在真空狀態下，利用昇華原理，使預先凍結的物料中的水分，不經過冰的融化直接以冰態昇華為水蒸氣而除去，從而獲得乾燥製品。本研究主旨為，設計與建置一套可間歇抽真空，以及控溫之真空冷凍乾系統。本研究利用40毫米厚之壓克力板，經矽膠黏合，組裝一個真空樣品槽。比較不同之黏合方式(壓克力溶劑、樹脂膠、矽膠)顯示，由於矽膠具有彈性，可容許抽真空時槽體產生的形變，較適合使用於此。槽體內設置電子天秤與加熱器，溫度控制在30℃與33℃。本研究所建置之間歇抽真空冷凍乾燥系統，以真空幫浦、-20℃冷凝器、電磁閥、繼電器、兩組計時器、調壓器以及控溫器，提供間歇調壓操作。測試結果顯示，系統之真空度維持良好，可長時間運轉。在操作模式為，抽真空：2min~1min；停止：2min~1min之情況下，冰塊之乾燥速率可增加20%。

關鍵字

乾燥速率 ； 真空樣品槽 ； 間歇調控 ； 冷凍乾燥

並列摘要

The principle of freeze-drying is utilization of the physical phenomena of sublimation of water under vacuum. The frozen water in the sample was removed through sublimation to gas state without melting. The purpose of this research was to design and construct of a freeze-drying system that can be operated under intermittent vacuuming mode, and at controllable temperature. 40 mm thick acrylic plates were used for the walls of the vacuum sample chamber. Several gluing methods for assembling the chamber were compared, including methylene chloride, epoxy glue and silicon glue. Due to the flexibility of silicon glue, the chamber was able to tolerate slight deformation under vacuum. The intermittent vacuuming system included a vacuum pump, -20℃ condenser, solenoid valve, a relay, two timers, voltage regulator and temperature controller. Experimental results showed that the system is durable and is suitable for long term operation. An electronic scale was placed in the vacuum sample chamber to monitor the weight variation of the samples. Under the operation cycle of vacuuming for 1 to 2 min, and stop for 1 to 2 min, the drying rate of ice was increased by 20%.

並列關鍵字

drying rate ； lyophilization ； freeze-drying ； intermittent regulator

參考文獻

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