設計師產業進入的知識管理研究-以陶藝設計為例

知識管理是現代重要的管理方式之一，現代業主要求多變創新，以往須具備各種領域能力，才能在這水生火熱的年代脫穎而出。設計師產業是一個須具備多樣專業知識的工作，如何將設計師帶入陶藝設計，本研究探討設計師進入陶藝領域所具備的知識，以訪談現職陶藝家訪談在創作過程遇到的收縮問題做探究，針對製作過程中，關係到產品厚度、長度與寬度收縮時，可預先預估收縮量，達到有效控制產品品質。同時在不同長度寬度與厚度收縮影響程度有所依據，有助於陶產品燒製的質量控制、降低產品製造費用。主要目的探討收縮是否因長寬尺寸與厚度不同而有不同收縮量變化，以及立體樣本驗證平面實驗樣本收縮量是否不同，以陶板成型製作陶片實驗，同時採用 t 檢定來分析同長度不同厚度的收縮率，也使用變異數分析(ANOVA，Analysis of variance)檢定不同長度與厚度之間收縮量差異性。研究結果顯示，厚度在4.0mm與不同長寬(7.0cm、8.0cm、9.0cm、10.0cm)在統計上無顯著差異，表示當厚度5.0mm後對收縮有明顯影響；在群組之間厚度6.0mm與7.0mm之間無顯著顯著差異，厚度到了6.0mm之後，對於收縮量的影響程度降低。同時本文經陶杯驗證，研究結果發現陶片平面收縮與陶杯立體收縮，陶片收縮平均值大約12%，在陶杯平均大約在7%左右，得知在平面收縮與立體收縮率收縮值是不同的，在這項驗證證明影響收縮的主要原因是製作手法，其次為陶土原料、燒成溫度、燒成時間。

關鍵字

材料試驗；陶材質收縮率；專家訪談法；知識管理；新手設計師

並列摘要

Knowledge management is one of the most important management methods in modern times. Due to the trend of demanding creative innovation by clients,interdisciplinary skills have become a necessity in today’s industry. Designer is a job that requires knowledge in various disciplines. This study investigates in the field of ceramics, through interviews with ceramics artists regarding the question of contraction, to explore the knowledge of the craftman based on experience. In the production of ceramic products, the inevitable shrinkage of the clay on the thickness, length and width of the product can be estimated in advance to achieve effective control of product quality. These estimations are higly experience based and can also serves as a guildline to help the qulity control of the firing process, as well as cost manegment. The main discussion investigates in whether the shrinkage is affected by the difference in length and width. It is further verified through the comparasion between stereo samples and plane samples. Clay plates are made for experienment; paired sample t- test is applied to analyze the contraction rate of plates with same length but different thickness, and ANOVA(Analysis of variance) is applied in the analysis testing the difference in contraction between different lengths and thicknesses. The experiement shows, when the thickness is at 4.0mm and the length varies from 7.0cm-10 cm, the contraction have little difference. However, the length has a significant impact on shrinkage when the thickness is at 5mm. Between different sample groups, the contraction ratio has little difference between a 6mm and a 7mm thickness. It can be concluded once the thickness reaches 6mm; the impact on contraction is largely reduced. In the mean while, clay cup is used for stereo sample to compare with the plate sample. The comparison shows an average of a 12 % contraction rate on the plate sample and a 7% contraction rate on the clay cup. Thus, it can be concluded that the plane contraction is different from the steric contraction. This experiment shows that the main casue for the impact of contraction is the production method, followed by the clay materials, firing temperature, and firing time.