銀髮族參與功能性體適能方案對肌力與平衡能力之影響

台灣已進入高齡社會，如何藉由運動來提升銀髮族群的身體機能並延緩老化，降低老年人對醫療照護的依賴，減輕家庭照顧者的負擔，以降低高齡化帶來的社會衝擊，是我們現應積極面對的。本研究旨在探討功能性體適能運動對銀髮族之肌力與平衡能力的影響，透過準實驗設計探討南投縣國姓鄉梅林社區及長流社區之65歲以上銀髮族為受測對象共60位，平均年齡為80.3歲；梅林社區為實驗中之實驗組，實行12週功能性體適能運動，控制組長流社區則未介入運動課程。在開始前一週及結束後一週進行功能性體適能檢測，檢測項目包含：上肢肌力-30秒肱二頭肌手臂屈舉、下肢肌力-30秒椅子坐立、靜態平衡-單腳站立及動態平衡-2.44公尺起身繞物，將檢測之數據收集後以配對樣本ｔ檢定分析處理。研究結果顯示：實驗組在12週功能性體適能運動課程介入後對於上肢肌力、下肢肌力、靜態平衡與動態平衡均達顯著水準。結論指出，功能性體適能運動介入對銀髮族是有成效的，建議社區、公所等各單位可利用這項檢測方法評估高齡者各項功能性體適能的表現，以利及早發現高齡者身體活動的能力，並預防高齡所帶來的失能狀況及問題。

關鍵字

肌力；功能性體適能；銀髮族；平衡能力

並列摘要

It had become aged society in Taiwan. How to enhance the physical ability and postpone aging of the aged, reduce their reliance on medical care, and reduce the pressures on the family caregivers, are the problems that we should face positively. This study mainly focuses on the influence of functional fitness on the musclar strength and balance of the aged. A total of 60 aged people over 65 years of age were considered to be test objects from Meilin community and Changliu community in Guoxing Township, Nantou County, with an average age of 80.3 years. The Meilin community was the experimental group in the experiment, people from which did the functional fitness tests for 12 weeks. The Changliu community in the control group while was not involved in the exercise course. Functional fitness tests were performed one week before the beginning and one week after the end. The tests included biceps curling for 30 seconds, sitting and standing for 30 seconds, standing with one leg, and circling around a assigned object for 2.44 meters. Then the test data was collected and analyzed by the t test. The results indicates that the experimental group achieved significant levels of upper limb musclar strength, lower limb musclar strength, static balance, and dynamic balance after 12 weeks of functional fitness training. The conclusion points out that functional fitness exercise is effective for the aged. In order to figure out the physical ability and find prevent situation and problems due to disability of the aged, it is recommended for communities, districts, and other government offices to make good use of this testing methods to promote the functional fitness of them.