社會資本之存量觀與流量觀對吸收能力、先驗知識和機會辨識之影響

The Influence of Stock Concept and Flow Concept of Social Capital on Absorptive Capacity, Prior Knowledge and Opportunity Identification

許曉筑(Shaou- Chou Shi)

指導教授 ： 陳悅琴

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/企業管理系碩士在職專班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究主要在探討創業家 (者) 所擁有之社會資本，並將其分為「社會資本-存量觀」及「社會資本-流量觀」之觀點來探討其對吸收能力、先驗知識和機會辨識等變數間之影響。本研究所指「社會資本-存量觀」即創業家所擁有之人脈存量，以及創業者如何將「社會資本-流量觀」，即創業者的人脈存量加以運用並獲得事業機會之過程與情況做一探討。
本研究採二階段研究方法。第一階採個案訪談法，即研究者透過實際訪談四家創業有成之中小企業之創業者做為樣本來探討，創業家之如何累積人脈存量，以及對人脈運用情況，和其對吸收能力、先驗知識、機會辨識變數間的影響。第二階段採量化分析法，根據過去文獻之資料及第一階段之訪談內容來進行設計並進一步發展為問卷題項，共發放110份問卷，期能自大樣本問卷的分析裡，對本研究之假說提出理論觀點。
研究結果發現，「社會資本-存量觀」與對「社會資本-流量觀」皆對「吸收能力」具有正向顯著影響。顯示創業家過去所累積之人脈存量，對於其往後在事業經營上的吸收能力確實有影響；而創業者可靠著平時經營人脈、也藉此不斷互相學習、砌磋等，進一步運用現有人脈或資源來獲得幫助，並增加吸收能力。但在先驗知識之干擾效果方面，受訪者從「吸收能力」中進行「機會辨識」時，並不受到「先驗知識」影響，而有可能從新吸收或學習的資訊或知識進行市場機會辨識。
關鍵字：社會資本、吸收能力、先驗知識、機會辨識、創業家

關鍵字

社會資本 ； 吸收能力 ； 先驗知識 ； 機會辨識 ； 創業家

並列摘要

This study was to mainly explore the social capital owned by entrepreneurs. The perspectives were divided into “Social Capital- concept of Stock” and “Social Capital- concept of Flow”, to explore their influence on the variables such as absorptive capacity, a prior knowledge, and opportunity identification. The “Social Capital- concept of Stock” termed in this study was namely the stock of human networks owned by entrepreneurs. Also, the exploration was made, aimed at the processes and the situations regarding how entrepreneurs take advantage of the “Social Capital- concept of Flow”— namely entrepreneurs’ stock of human networks— to obtain business opportunities.
The Two-Phase Research Method was adopted in this study. At the first phase, the Case Interview Method was adopted. The exploration was made, based on the samples taken from the actual interviews with the successful entrepreneurs of four small and medium enterprises, to see how the entrepreneurs have accumulated their stock of human networks, and the situations of their human network applications, as well as the influence on the variables such as absorptive capacity, a prior knowledge, and opportunity identification. At the second phase, the Quantitative Analysis Method was adopted. According to the data in previous literatures and the interview content at the first phase, the question items in the questionnaire were designed and developed further; 110 copies of the questionnaire had been distributed, aiming to propose a theoretical perspective aimed at the hypothesis proposed in this study, through the analyses of such a large-sized questionnaire.
The research findings indicated: Both “Social Capital- concept of Stock” and “Social Capital- concept of Flow” have positive and significant influence on “absorptive capacity”. This showed that the stock of human networks accumulated previously by an entrepreneur will really pose influence on his/her absorptive capacity in business management afterward. Also, by continuous and mutual learning and exchanges through the management of human networks in usual time, an entrepreneur can further take advantage of his/her existing human networks or resources to obtain help, and enhance his/her absorptive capacity. However, in terms of the moderating effect of a prior knowledge, when the subjects undertook “opportunity identification” via “absorptive capacity”, they would not be affected by “a prior knowledge”. Instead, they might undertake market opportunity identification via the newly absorbed or acquired information or knowledge.
Keywords: Social capital, Absorptive capacity, Prior knowledge, Opportunity identification, Entrepreneur

並列關鍵字

Social capital ； Absorptive capacity ； Prior knowledge ； Opportunity identification ； Entrepreneur

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