五軸數值控制工具機主軸設計與分析之研究

Design and Analysis on A Five-axis Numerical Control Machine Tools

葉姿青(Tzu-ching Yeh)

指導教授 ： 陳維隆

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/數位化產品設計產業研發碩士專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

隨著機床工業朝著高精密度化及高速度化發展，為滿足高速切削及高精密產品加工的需求，需要提升主軸轉速、進給速度及多軸加工技術。近年來針對3C產品、液晶電視、汽車製造業、航太、國防工業等高科技產品的加工產品，眾多公司紛紛投入精力研發高精密五軸工具機，以達到高速度、高精度、高穩定性的要求。由於五軸工具機比傳統三軸工具機多了兩個旋轉軸，可以有多角多面的加工動作及切削能力，五面加工一次完成，適合多曲面模具和多面體加工。
本論文主要研究五軸工具機之五軸頭整體應力分析、主體與側蓋輕量化與煞車結構分析，使用有限元素法分析技術，進行改善設計。五軸頭整體應力分析︰將整體結構進行應力分析，探討各個零組件受力情況。主體與側蓋結構輕量化：主體為五軸頭的主要剛性結構，主體與側蓋重量佔整體38%，故將其進行結構輕量化，分析使用靜態結構分析觀察應力與變形量，再使用模態分析，觀察不同模態下的應力、變形量與頻率，做為設計參考的依據。五軸工具機在加工過程中，五軸頭旋轉、調整角度或停止皆會使用到煞車結構，所以煞車結構在五軸頭的設計中佔極重要的一環，故將五軸頭的旋轉軸A軸與C軸煞車部分，進行分析研究與設計探討。

關鍵字

有限元素分析 ； 五軸煞車結構 ； 五軸頭

並列摘要

With the development of high-precision and high-speed in machine tool industry, it is necessary to improve the spindle speed, feeding speed and multi-axis machining technology to meet the requirements of high-speed cutting and high-precision performance. In recent years, many companies have put great efforts on developing high-precision five-axis machine tool to achieve the requirements of high-speed, high-precision and high stability for high-tech products processing, such as 3C products, LCD TVs, automotive manufacturing, aerospace, and defense industry. Compared with traditional three-axis machine tool, a five-axis machine tool features two more rotating shaft, therefore it is able to complete five-sided machining at the same time by multi-faceted polygonal action and cutting processing capability. It is suitable for multi-surface mold and polyhedron processing.
This study focuses on design and analysis of a five-axis spindle, by means of finite element analysis techniques to improve the design, including overall stress analysis, weight reduction, and the brake structure.
Five-axis spindle of overall stress analyses includes stress analysis of the overall structure and individual components. Weight reduction of main body and side covers includes the main body for the support structure that takes 38% of the total weight. Weight reduction can be achieved by observing and improving from the stress and deformation results from the analyses. During five-axis machine tool processing, brake system is use to constrain and support the machining actions that is a very critical motion during machining. Therefore the study focuses on design and analyzing various trade-off of the brake design, especially the rotation axis brake part of the A-axis and C-axis.

並列關鍵字

five-axis spindle head ； five-axis brake structure ； finite element analysis

參考文獻

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