平衡計分卡被定義為績效衡量最佳工具,但此為企業內部制度之設計與執行,一般外界無法探究,本研究以外部投資者角度為基礎,利用外部投資者可取得的資訊,運用平衡計分卡四大構面概念,選取適當的評估指標,採用投入導向距離量測與方向距離函數(directional distance function)量測方法,探究中國大陸光伏產業經營績效之差異情況。所選取指標分別為:投入指標(員工人數、每人營收、固定資產週轉率(次)、銷售費用)與產出指標(營業總收入及稅前淨利)。 本研究以中國大陸光伏產業為研究對象,將光伏產業區分成二大區塊-上游產業及中、下游產業,研究結果顯示,採用方向距離量測,不管是上游公司或中、下游公司,有效率公司皆逐年增加,但因中、下游公司技術門檻較低,經營效率較上游企業佳,故外部投資者可以運用平衡計分卡概念,利用取得之財務資訊,了解企業之經營效率。
Balanced scorecard is denoted as the best tool of performance evaluation. However, outside investors cannot get related information. This study adopts the balanced scorecard perspective to choose the suitable performance indicators which the external investors are able to get. The performance indicators included the input indicators and the output indicators. The method we proposed in this study is Directional Distance Function. This study takes the Photovoltaic Industry in China as the object of the research. The result indicated whether in the upstream or downstream company, efficient companies are increasing year by year. The business efficiency of the middle-lower stream is better than the upper stream because he middle-lower stream have lower threshold in application of product technique.