風力發電機塔柱的振動分析

Vibration Analysis of Wind Turbine Towers

施怡如(Yi-Ru Shih)

指導教授 ： 江支弘

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/營建工程系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

近幾年來，工業迅速蓬勃發展，故大量排放二氧化碳到地球大氣層造成全球暖化，極端氣候災害不斷，可再生能源所產生的污染與廢棄物相對較少，風力能源為可再生能源之一；因風力發電機長期受風吹日曬，長期下來可能造成看不到的損害，所以需定期維護監控並及時發現故障以降低危險與成本。
本研究於台中港清水高美海濱，利用遠距微波雷達系統IBIS檢測風車塔柱的振動頻率並針對第十八號風車塔柱進行分析及利用一維頻率域連續解1DC程式模擬風車塔柱的振動頻率，最後再利用時域頻譜分析程式觀察出現其他振動頻率時的頻率變化。
研究結果發現遠距微波雷達系統IBIS檢測分析後，風速的強弱是會影響頻率的大小及出現其他的振動頻率；一維頻率域連續解1DC程式模擬風車塔柱可看出隨EI值的降低頻率也會隨著降低，越高的位置(離轉子越近的段數)EI值降幅產生的影響較不明顯；時域頻譜程式分析後可推知葉片與塔柱的重疊在風速較強時對IBIS監測是有影響的，塔柱在較高的監測位置可能無法整體反應實際的所有振動頻率，在較低的監測位置則無此狀況。

關鍵字

振動分析 ； 風力發電 ； 監測

並列摘要

Wind turbine towers are in need of condition monitoring so as to lower the cost of unexpected maintenance such as collapse caused by the wind gust in extreme weather conditions. Experimental studies concerned with the vibration analyses of turbine towers are very rare due to difficulties on in-situ measurements. Current research applied remote displacement measurements to wind turbine towers using a microwave interferometer IBIS. The recorded data sequences were analyzed both in frequency domain and time-frequency domain. The results showed that multiple dominant frequencies probably were resulted from varying wind conditions in the time of measurements. Numerical analysis was also performed using spectral finite elements based on a beam model. The effect of reduced stiffness proves to cause decrease in the dominant frequency. Increase in the added mass at the free end of the beam model also decreases the dominant frequency.

並列關鍵字

vibration analysis ； wind power ； Monitoring

參考文獻

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