摘要 2007年底由於美國次級房貸危機引發全球性的金融海嘯,風暴蔓延至世界各地,各國經濟衰退造成人民的恐慌,而台灣的金融業在經營效率與績效上也面臨極大的衝擊。因此,深入探討金融業經營績效之影響因素有其必要性。 本研究以台灣地區本國33 家銀行與外商19 家銀行為樣本,並以2004 年至2007 年為金融海嘯前期間,2009 年至2012 年為金融海嘯後期間,利用追蹤資料(Panel Data)的分析方法,探討金融海嘯前後本國銀行與外商銀行經營績效的影響因素。實證結果顯示: 在2004-2007年期間,資產報酬率方面,本國銀行營業費用比率及存款有顯著負向影響;外商銀行資產週轉率有顯著正向影響,營業費用比率則為顯著負向影響。股東權益報酬率方面,本國銀行非利息收入比率及營業費用率有顯著負向影響,存款為顯著正向的影響;外商銀行則無顯著項目。 在2009-2012年期間,資產報酬率方面,本國銀行營業費用比率及存款有顯著負向影響;外商銀行資產週轉率有顯著的正向影響,營業費用比率為顯著負向影響。股東權益報酬率方面,本國銀行營業費用率有顯著負向影響,非利息收入比率及存款為顯著正向影響;外商銀行資產週轉率有顯著正向影響,營業費用比率及存款則為顯著負向影響。
Abstract Financial institutions play an important role in the process of economic development. The influences of sub-prime mortgage crisis to investors and banks have been significance since the end of 2007. Therefore, it is very useful to analyze the determinants of bank''s performance. This study employed the panel data method to analyze the 2004-2007 and 2009-2012 data of 33 domestic banks and 19 foreign banks in Taiwan. Our findings are as follows. (1)The period 2004-2007:The operating expense ratio and deposits of domestic banks have a significant negative impact on ROA. The asset turnover of foreign banks has a significant positive impact, but the operating expenses ratio has a significant negative impact on ROA. The non-interest income ratio and operating expense ratio of domestic banks have a significant negative impact, but the deposits has a significant positive impact on ROE. (2)The period 2009-2012:The operating expense ratio and deposits of domestic banks have a significant negative impact on ROA. The asset turnover of foreign banks has a significant positive impact, but the operating expenses ratio has a significant negative impact on ROA. The non-interest income ratio and deposit of domestic banks have significant positive impact, but the operating expenses ratio has a significant negative impact on ROE. The operating expenses and deposits of foreign banks have significant negative impact, but the asset turnover ratio has a significant positive impact on ROE.