鐵路改建高架工程施工安全特性之案例研究

Case Study of Construction Safety Program for Elevated Railway Construction Project in Central Taiwan

楊景銘(Jing-Ming Yang)

指導教授 ： 張子修

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/營建工程系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

鐵路改建高架工程施工除一般高架橋梁之施工風險外，又因其緊鄰營運中之電化鐵路，若發生施工事故除造成施工作業人員傷亡或機具損壞，可能波及乘車旅客，以及造成鐵路營運中斷，影響層面擴及都市運輸系統。經分析鐵路改建工程施工對臺鐵營運系統主要危害係人員、機具、設施侵入列車行車淨空，以及施工破壞鐵路營運設施等，為有效降低工安事故，施工各級單位應訂定勞工安全執行制度及檢查機制，針對高風險項目之危害更應明確防範措施，經案例探討管理制度常存在無法依工程特性制定檢查項目，檢查不確實之缺失。
為確保勞工作業安全，維持鐵路正常營運，建議可仿傚品質管理制度建立勞工安全衛生三級管理機制，由主辦機關、監造單位、施工廠商會同檢查，並以橋梁各施工工項流程區分，納入維持營運鐵路安全之要求條件，將使用之人員、機具、設施及作業重點等製訂檢查項目，檢查合格方能進行下一階段施工作業，推動行為與設備之安全管理，借以辨識不安全之行為與狀況，期在提升施工品質同時降低工安事故之發生。

關鍵字

施工風險 ； 施工安全 ； 鐵路改建 ； 高架工程

並列摘要

When reconstructing the railroad system into the elevated railroad system, the government would face more difficulties than which might be occurred during the constructions of just the bridges. Once some accidents happen, like the casualties of the workers or the damages of the machines, there might be some dangers or inconvenience posed to the nearby in-operation railroad systems, like the broken machines would hurt the passengers; and more worse, that would interrupt the operation of the whole infrastructure. In order to decrease the chances of public safety accidents, every unit in charge of the construction is supposed to make a complete system concerning both the constructional safety and inspection procedure for the possible potentials which might threat the safety of people. Most importantly, the builders should make the more precise precautions against the high-risk constructions during the process of the building, which is because in the case analysis in the study, it is found that the present construction safety management system cannot offer the checklist tailored to every construction so that the deficiencies in these constructions still exist.
For ensuring the workers’ safety and maintaining the operation of the railroad, it was suggested that the construction safety management system might mimic the present quality management system to make the three-level management mechanism. When applying such mechanism, the host unit, the construction supervisor, and the construction company are supposed to do the co-inspection at the same time. As for the set of the safety requirement, the railroad reconstruction’s safety standards will be set based on the safety checklist of the bridge construction procedure together with the incorporation of the possible safety potentials such as personnel, machine, infrastructure, and emphasized working parts. As a work passes the inspection, it can go further to the next construction stage. In conclusion, in promotion of the behavior and equipment management can immediately distinguish the dangerous situations. It is anticipated that the rates of the public safety accidents could be lowered when the working qualities are promoted.

並列關鍵字

Construction Risks ； Railway Reconstruction ； Construction Safety ； Elevated Engineering

參考文獻

【1】交通部鐵路改建工程局，專案介紹，http://www.rbtr.gov.tw/。

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【9】陳俊男，「鐵路沿線施工侵入行車空間之風險管理研究」，碩士論文，國立交通大學工學院產業安全與防災學程，2010。

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