社會企業育成影響要素分析

A Study on the Factor Analysis for Social Enterprise Incubation

江竹翔(Chu-Hsiang Chiang)

指導教授 ： 劉素娟

朝陽科技大學/資訊學院/精密機械暨水下機電技術整合產業碩士專班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

本研究旨在分析社會企業育成的影響要素。創新育成中心是中小企業的推手，更是各國促進社會企業發展重要趨力。然而目前相關文獻相對薄弱，在育成影響要素探討不足，難以落實社會企業發展遠景。基於此，本研究希冀從社會創業家、社會企業組織和政策立法三項層面切入，分析社會企業育成重要影響要素，最後依據研究結果提出具體建議。本研究採取深度訪談為主要研究方法，共計訪談4 位社會企業育成中心主管或經理人，所得訪談資料則以MAXQDA 進行分析。研究結果發現：在社會創業家方面，育成中心多沿用傳統商業育成思維，育成過程中容易遭遇社會影響力與商業規模兩難問題。在社會企業組織方面，育成中心較不偏好純公益型的非營利組織，同時也面臨來自學校或政府的影響，特別是績效要求及其衍生的干預現象，導致育成中心服務和社會企業需求發生落差。在政策立法方面，政府補助雖挹注社會企業育成需要的資源，但也相對產生限制或依賴效果，若補助遞減或縮水，恐將嚴重影響育成中心經營。在研究建議部分，本研究提出政策以獎勵取代補助，育成中心以社會投資思維取代績效要求，以及社會影響力指標建置三項策略，建構社會企業育成模式。

關鍵字

社會企業 ； 社會創業家 ； 育成中心 ； 非營利組織 ； 雙重底線

並列摘要

This study aims to analyze the influencing factors to the incubation of social enterprise (SE). Innovation incubation center is the hand behind the SMEs as well as the vital driver of SE development across borders. Nevertheless, the related literature is relatively thin and falls short on the discussion of the
influencing factors to the incubation, which becomes a challenge for the vision of social enterprise development. Hence, this paper would like to probe from the angles of social entrepreneurs, SE organization and legislation, examine the important influencing factors to SE incubation, and finally propose concrete suggestions based on the research result. The research employed in-depth interview as the primary approach. Four senior executives from SE incubation centers were interviewed, and the data was analyzed with MAXQDA. The research reveals as followed. On the part of Social entrepreneurs, incubation centers often follow the traditional mindset of business incubation, which easily leads to a dilemma of social impact versus business scale along the way of incubation. On SE organization, incubation centers prefer less the pure charitable non-profit organizations. They would also have to face the influence from the school or the government, especially on the performance expectation, and therefore intervention comes along, which results in a gap between the incubation center’s services and the social enterprise’s needs. On the regard of legislation, though the government’s subsidy provides the resource SE needs, it brings about limit or dependency issue in return. Should the subsidy shrink or decrease, the operation of incubation centers will be affected. As for research recommendation, this study proposes three strategies to construct an incubation model of social enterprise: on the policy aspect, subsidies should be replaced with incentives; incubation centers should replace performance expectation with social investment mindset; social impact index should be established.

並列關鍵字

Social Enterprise ； Social Entrepreneur ； Incubation Centers ； Non-Profit Organization ； Double Bottom Line

參考文獻

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