專業地毯舖設工具膝踢器『Knee Kicker』之緩衝墊設計研究

A Study on the Design of 『Knee Kicker』 Bumper for Carpet Layer

黃萬福(Wan-Fu Huang)

指導教授 ： 吳志富

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

地毯舖設從業人員常以『膝踢器』( Knee Kicker )從事室內滿舖地毯之舖設，其膝蓋部位之職業傷害比一般勞工高出108倍。改變操作型態或使用適當護具可減低危害因子，工具改良亦為手法之一。就膝踢器而言改良緩衝墊最為有效方式之一，而設計一簡單且合適的量測機構用於量測緩衝墊之特性有其必要性。
改良擺鎚式衝擊測驗台，用以探討『膝踢器』緩衝墊受衝擊時之力量傳遞及回彈狀態，以最大衝力、衝量及彈性回復係數作為緩衝墊評估指標。先期研究結果驗證自行設計的量測裝置為可行之設計。而在緩衝墊設計改良部分，則以緩衝墊之材料軟硬度、接觸面之幾何外型、組合方式等為自變數進行實驗，利用鑽盲孔方式產生新型緩衝墊設計( 非線性組合配合幾何接觸面外形，使其與膝部接觸端較軟 )，在反彈性能與向前傳遞之有效力量取得最佳之平衡點，同時考慮工作效率與安全，作為新型緩衝墊之開發準則。
新設計之緩衝墊在最大有效傳遞力表現比舊款設計佳、在衝量及彈性回復係數改進不大；而改變緩衝墊弧度，使接觸面加大，可分散降低膝蓋部位的壓力峰值。
改良之樣品經美國原廠進行測試，使用者主觀評量結果良好。將本測試裝置改良，亦可用於手工具、包裝器材、座墊、鞋墊、把手、、、等緩衝特性評估與新產品開發設計。

關鍵字

Knee Kicker；測量裝置；緩衝墊設計

並列摘要

Carpet layers often use knee kickers for comprehensive floor carpet laying. They are more prone to occupational knee injuries than other laborers by 108 times. Change of operational approaches or the use of appropriate protective equipment helps reduce risk factors. Tool improvement is another feasible option. When it comes to knee kickers, improving the Bumper is one of the most effective methods, and it is necessary to design a simple and suitable gauging mechanism for measuring the characteristics of the Bumper.
An improved pendulum-type impact test platform is employed to examine the mechanical transmission and rebound of the Bumper of the knee kicker when it sustains impacts. The maximum impact force (impetus), impulse, and elasticity restoration coefficients serve as indicators for assessing the Bumper. Preliminary study confirms the feasibility of the measurement device designed by the researchers. In the area of Bumper design enhancement, Bumper material hardness, the geometrical configuration of the contact surface, and the assembly method are employed as independent variables for the experiment. Through the blind borehole method, the new Bumper (featured by a nonlinear combination in conjunction with a geometrical shape contact surface to make it softer at the knee contact end) is designed. The optimal balance between the rebound and the effective force passed forward is obtained. Work efficiency and safety are also treaded as the principles for developing the new Bumper.
In terms of the maximum effective force transmitted, the new Bumper outperforms the one adopting old designs. No significant improvement is noted in the impulse and the geometrical configuration of the contact surface. Improving the radian of the Bumper enlarges the contact surface to dissipate the peak pressure at the knee area.
Samples of the improved product are tested by a US manufacturer, and the outcome of users’ subjective evaluation is promising. Following proper enhancement, this test device can be applied to the appraisal of the buffering characteristics of hand tools, packaging equipment, cushions, shoe pads, handles and so on, as well as to new product design and development.

並列關鍵字

Bumper design ； measurement device ； Knee Kicker

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