高吸水性複合材料之製備與性質研究

STUDIES ON PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE SUPERABSORBENT MATERIALS

呂祥誠(Hsiang-Cheng Lu)

指導教授 ： 李文福

大同大學/工程學院/化學工程學系所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本論文包含兩部分，第一部分為含SA-VP/NIPAAm IPN 熱敏感性高吸水性材料；第2部分為添加海泡石(sepiolite)所製備的高吸水性材料。在第一部分中是利用sodium acrylate (SA)與N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) 以二步驟法來製備Interpenetrated Networks (IPNs)結構的水膠。製備的SA-VP/NIPAAm(SVN)的IPN 膠體具有高吸水力與溫度感應性。結果顯示添加NIPAAm所製備的IPN水膠做了一系列與溫度相關的實驗中，在超過NIPAAm的critical gel transition solution temperature (CGTT)時，NIPAAm從具有親水性的性質轉換成疏水性質，其膠體也具有明顯的收縮。當IPN膠體中，NIPAAm的含量越高時，其溫度感應性也會更加顯著。測量孔洞直徑的分布上，未添加NIPAAm的SA 膠體明顯的比添加NIPAAm的IPN膠體大且膠體中SA的比例越高，其膠體的孔洞直徑也會較大。最後對膠體在不同高低溫進行溫度反覆的測試，結果顯示NIPAAm含量較高的複合型水膠收縮性最為顯著。
在第二部分，探討具有高親水性的丙烯酸鈉添加具有多孔性的海泡石所製備的高吸水性材料。結果顯示具有催化性的海泡石添加至sodium acrylate(SA)以逆向懸浮聚合時，其膠體聚合反應的時間會明顯縮短，其原因為吸水才具有催化的特性。且在固定時間聚合其產率也比未添加海泡石的產率高。利用DW法測量吸水材，當添加海泡石的所製備的水膠，吸水速率也明顯的加快，海泡石添加量越高，其吸水速率也會隨著海泡石添加量越高而更快的趨勢。

關鍵字

海泡石 ； 複合型材料

並列摘要

In this study, we discussed the superabsorbent materials. One of the part is SA-VP/NIPAAm (SVN) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) gels and the other is SA-sepiolite hydrogels. In part 1, a series of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) gels with higher swelling ratio and thermosensitivity were synthesized from sodium acrylate (SA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) by a two-step method. The first step is the synthesis of a series of the poly(sodium acrylate -co- 1-vinyl–2-pyrrolidone) [poly(SA–co-VP)] hydrogels from acrylic acid with 90% degree of neutralization and VP monomer. The second step is synthesis of the poly(SA–co-VP) /poly(NIPAAm) (SVN) IPN gels by immersing the poly(SA–co-VP) gels into NIPAAm, initiator, accelerator, and crosslinker solution to polymerize. The effect of the different molar ratio of SA/VP and the NIPAAm content on the swelling behavior and physical properties for the IPN gels was investigated in this study. Results show that the IPN gels with poly(NIPAAm) network had obviously thermal reversible behavior from thermosensitivity experiment when the temperature over the critical gel transition temperature (CGTT) of poly(NIPAAm). The results from the measurement of diameter distribution also indicated that the pore size inside the poly(SA–co-VP) (SV) gel was larger than that of SVN IPN gel. At the same time, the more the proportion of SA in gels, the larger the pore size diameter. The results also showed that the swelling ratio decrease with increasing of the VP content in the SV gel and obviously decrease in the SVN IPN gel. Finally, the drug release behavior of caffeine and sulfanilamide in the IPN gel system was also investigated.
In part2, preparation and properties of a series of superabsorbent composed of hydrophilic sodium acrylate (SA) containing porous sepiolite were investigated in this study. The results indicated that increase of sepiolite in SA could reduced the reaction time of inverse suspension polymerization because the sepiolite had catalytic property, and the yields of SA-sepiolite gels were higher than SA gels without sepiolite for the same reaction time. Measurement of the swelling rate was carried out by Demand Wettability (DW) method and the results showed that the swelling ratio was increased when the content of sepiolite increased in SA gels.

並列關鍵字

sepiolite ； interpenetrating polymer network

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