鈷鎳合金化延性鑄鐵之沃斯回火製程及其風能應用特性研究

Study on Austempering Processes and Characteristics of Cobalt and Nickel Alloyed Ductile Irons for Wind Energy Applications

陳明禮(Ming-Li Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳建國

大同大學/工程學院/材料工程學系所/博士(2009年)

摘要

台灣的自然資源不足，如何將有限「能源」有效率的收集、開發潔淨「環境」的能源及提供智慧「經濟」的節能應用，以實現高價值的3E (Energy、Environment、Economy)產業，如此才可佈建傳統產業的新格局，並創造國際的商業契機。
如眾所周知，延性鑄鐵(DI)因具有成本低與優越的機械性能，因此在工業材料應用上倍受青睞，尤其近年來全球在節能減碳的環保意識下，各國正積極發展風能技術，其中風力發電設備上即嘗試採用延性鑄鐵組件(如齒輪、輪觳等)，然而風能設備會受到外界環境風吹雨打、日曬雨淋的自然破壞，以及內部機械式運轉的磨耗損壞，故如何改善延性鑄鐵組件的「耐腐蝕」、「耐磨耗」及「耐膨脹」等性能，以滿足業界的需求，則成為目前提升風能設備使用壽命的重要課題。
因此本研究即利用添加鈷、鎳合金元素改質延性鑄鐵(DI)的化學組成及施加不同沃斯回火熱處理條件成為沃斯回火延性鑄鐵(ADI)，然後進行機械性質(如硬度、降伏強度、拉伸強度、衝擊韌性、破壞韌性等試驗)、腐蝕性質(如電化學鹽水極化、酸溶液極化、鹽霧、沖蝕等試驗)及物理性質(摩擦係數、膨脹係數試驗)等試驗，並進行比較與分析，以建立延性鑄鐵材料性能的資料庫，及提供相關學術研究或風能應用的材料選用與參考。

關鍵字

沃斯回火延性鑄鐵 ； 延性鑄鐵 ； 鎳 ； 鈷

並列摘要

Because the natural resource is not enough in Taiwan, it is very significant about how to effectively collect limited energy, develop clean environment, and provide conserving economy for coming true the high value of 3E (energy, environment, economy) industries.
It is a well-known fact that ductile iron (DI) has been widely used in various industrial applications due to its low cost and excellent mechanical properties. Under the consideration of energy saving and carbon reduction, it is noted that there are lots of R&D projects focused on wind energy technology in the world. In particular, ductile iron has been applied in the components of wind energy in the recent years, such as gears and hubs. However, most of the components are used in the detrimental environments, such as being exposed to sun and rain as well as the wear and erosion damage during mechanical working. Therefore, this is an important subject about how to improve the material properties such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and expansion resistance for prolonging the use-life of ductile iron applied in wind energy.
In this study, two experimental designs consisting of the addition of cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) respectively, as well as the different austempering conditions were performed. Then mechanical tests (such as hardness, tensile, impact, and fracture toughness), corrosion tests (such as polarization tests, immersion tests, salt spray tests, and erosion tests), and physical tests (such as frictional coefficient, expansion coefficient) were conduced to explore both the effects of alloying and austempering on the ductile irons. All the experimental results can be established as the data base on the wind energy applications.

並列關鍵字

ductile iron ； nickel ； cobalt ； austempered ductile iron

參考文獻

51.R.C. Voigt, “Microstructure Analysis of Austempered Ductile CastIron Using

55.B.V. Kovacs,“Heat Treating of Austempered Ductile Iron ”,AFS, pp.281–

56.潘國桐、廖高宇譯”球墨鑄鐵手冊”中華民國鑄造學會, pp.118- 119，民國83年11月.

5.B.V. Kovacs, Austempered ductile iron：fact and fiction, Modern Casting,

6.Standard Specification for Austempered Ductile Iron Castings, ASTM standard