設計構想發展過程中不同媒材繪製草圖之成效研究

The Effects of Sketch in a Design Concept Developing Process by Using Different Tools

劉彥德(Yen-Te Liu)

指導教授 ： 吳志富

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

歷史中設計媒材的演進不僅與設計方法的發展有密切的關係，同時也是影響設計過程的重要因素之一。近年來由於數位科技的發展，各種不同類型的電腦媒材開始被運用在設計過程的各個不同階段，因此也被認為對傳統媒材的設計過程產生多方面的衝擊。然而在不同的媒材應用下，如何幫助設計者對概念發展階段能快速捕捉設計構想，以及如何有效刺激視覺思考，是現今設計研究相當重要的探討議題。在目前有關設計發想的研究中，主要以探討傳統媒材在設計過程的功能及其所扮演的角色，而其中以建築界使用的3D輔助設計與傳統繪圖比較多，鮮少探討因不同媒材造成的差異為何？因此本研究目的在於探討數位繪圖板、繪圖螢幕以及傳統手繪在草圖繪製上的成效差異，並且探討此三種不同媒材在概念發展階段對設計者思考模式的影響。在前期實驗中，要求受測者利用不同媒材執行抄圖以及組合圖面之任務；最後藉由圖面比較及受測者背景比對，得知熟練數位媒材與否對於最後圖面精緻度有關連性。主實驗先藉由前期實驗的定義，選定媒材熟練者作為受測者；再依照線條繪製實驗挑選受測者，進行實地設計發展的任務測驗。實驗結果顯示，使用媒材的不同會造成視覺思考動作在「轉移」、「操控」、「檢視」模式中有顯著差異，但在視覺思考策略上，則僅與受測者本身之設計風格有關。其中使用數位繪圖板會有視覺思考活動頻率下降的現象，因此，在設計發展階段建議設計者使用較為直覺的媒材進行設計發想。

關鍵字

口語分析 ； 手繪 ； 繪圖螢幕 ； 數位繪圖板 ； 設計草圖 ； 視覺思考

並列摘要

The developments in design media not only affect the design methods, but are also a major affecter of the design process. Thanks to the developments of recent years in digital technology, various types of computer media have been used in the design process, which has influenced greatly training media. The most important issue for design researchers is to help designers quickly capture their design ideas and effectively stimulate visual thinking with different media.
Most current design studies explore the functions and roles of traditional media, mostly 3D aided design and traditional drafting, in the design process, while few studies involve the differences amongst different media. This paper aims at differences in effects of pen tablets, pen displays, and traditional drafting and explores the influences of these three media on the thinking of designers in idea development. In the experiments of the early stages, test takers were required to copy and assemble pictures. Comparing the pictures and backgrounds of the test takers, one can learn whether there is correlation between being familiar with the digital media and the final sophistication. Test takers, which had displayed familiarity with the media during the early experiments, were selected for the main experiment. Then, test takers were selected based on line drawing experiments to conduct a site design development task. The results show that in regards to the transformation, manipulation, and viewing models, different media cause distinct differences in brain activity related to visual thinking. In the visual thinking strategies, they are only related to the design styles of the test takers. Test takers using pen tablets had a lower frequency of visual thinking activities. Therefore, in the development stage, it is suggested that designers use media with more intuition for design thinking.

並列關鍵字

sketch ； hand drafting ； visual thinking ； pen display ； pen tablets ； protocol analysis

參考文獻

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