摘要
可變訊息標誌是一種可程式化的交通管理設施，透過文字或圖形符號來傳達各項動態的訊息給道路駕駛者，但國內設立可變訊息標誌尚無統一規定，設置時多由交通或路權主管機關依需求自行訂定；且國內僅有考取駕照年齡下限，並無駕駛上路的年齡上限，因此本研究旨在探討各年齡族群於不同駕駛環境、不同呈現之內容與不同駕駛時速下，對於可變訊息標誌之視認性。 首先，前測實驗共有 30 位受測者，並分為中年族群與年輕族群，結果顯示：中年族群必須花費較多的時間在搜尋目標物。此外，可變訊息標誌之內容型態與駕駛環境也會影響受測者之視認度與閱讀錯誤次數，對於內容採用純文字的設計需要較長的了解時間，且在日間駕駛環境中有較多的閱讀錯誤次數，且有接近一半的受測者，不能在舒適的視覺角度內閱讀完可變訊息標誌的內容，即無法快速且正確的接收各項訊息，如此便失去可變訊息標誌之設置目的，駕駛者如勉強閱讀，恐會造成行車危險。 結合前測結果、文獻探討與實際道路觀察提出三個改良尺寸之看板大小：1.3m、1.6m 與 1.9m 高度，進行驗證實驗。經由三因子區集變異數分析顯示：雖然閱讀 1.3m 高度看板時，易讀度較差且錯誤次數較高，但三個改良後的高度皆能使受測者在文獻建議的消失距離前閱讀完畢訊息，且降低閱讀錯誤次數。本研究的發現期望能做為未來可變訊息標誌看板研究及設計上之參考及應用。
並列摘要
Variable Message Signs (VMS) are programmable traffic management facilities. A variety of dynamic messages are conveyed to drivers through text or graphic symbols. However, there is no uniform requirement for the VMS in Taiwan, thus their setups are at the sole discretion of the traffic or road competent authorities. In addition, there is the lower age limit for obtaining a driver’s licenses, but there is no upper age limit for driving on roads. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the different age groups’ VMS legibility under different driving environments, different contents presented, and with different driving speeds. First of all, the 30 subjects in the pre-test consist of the middle-aged group and younger age group. The results show that the middle-aged group had to spend more time searching for targets. In addition, the content type of the VMS and the driving environment also affected the subjects’ degree of legibility and number of reading errors. For the contents designed in pure-text, more time was needed to understand them. In addition, in the driving environment during the day, there were more number of reading errors, and nearly half of the subjects were unable to finish reading the VMS contents at a visual angle comfortable to them. That is, they were unable to quickly and accurately read the various information, thus the VMS setup was in vain. When drivers can barely read them, traffic hazards are likely to result. Based on the pre-test results, literature reviews, and actual observation of the roads, the three improved signboard dimensions of 1.3m, 1.6m, and 1.9m were proposed for the validation experiment. Through the ANOVA analysis of the three factor areas, the results show that at the reading distance of 1.3m, the legibility was poorer, while the number of errors was higher, but with the three improved heights the subjects were able to finish reading the messages before the disappearance distance suggested in the literatures, and the number of errors was reduced. The findings in this study are expected to serve as a reference for future VMS signboard research and design applications.