無線感測網路中有效使用電力之收集資料策略

An Energy-Efficient Data Collection Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks with A Mobile Sink

蔡欣晏(Sin-yan Tasi)

指導教授 ： 廖文華

大同大學/經營設計學院/資訊經營學系所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

在無線感測網路中，如何將資料有效蒐集是一個很重要的問題。感測點資料在一般情況下利用Multi-hop方法經由其他節點將資料代傳到Sink，但由於越靠近Sink的感測點代傳電量消耗越大，越容易將電量消耗殆盡，造成資料遺失的問題，因此我們使用Mobile sink，利用Mobile sink移動蒐集資料，經由路徑規劃提高資料接收率。本文提出一個利用Mobile sink在無線感測網路中移動蒐集資料，首先我們必須將感測點分佈在整個網路環境中，再利用深度優先拜訪將所有感測節點相互連接。但深度優先拜訪並無法讓所有感測節點所連接的路徑為最短路徑。接下來我們在使用Steiner Minimum Tree(SMT)演算法使各節點之間連結路徑達到最佳化，我們在本篇論文中也會考慮到Mobile sink電量因素，即使在無線感測網路中所有感測節點連接路徑達到最短，但Mobile sink電量不足夠也無法將所有資料蒐集完畢，所以利用我們所提出的方法算出Terminal node虛擬點，利用Terminal node相鄰感測器之間能互相傳輸，Mobile sink經過這些虛擬點後可以接收到原本無法接收到的感測點資料，此方法可以計算Mobile sink移動接收所耗費電量，Mobile sink會依所需代傳感測點數量而有左子樹及右子樹權重值，感測節點可以依據Mobile sink電量來規劃感測節點及所需代傳感測節點數量，增加資料接收率。
實驗結果顯示對於無線感測網路而言，利用移動收集點可以提高資料接收率。因此我們提出了一個新的演算法移動蒐集點收機資料策略，利用移動收集點的電量。我們所提出的方法確實是高效率且表現良好。

關鍵字

無線感測網路 ； 省電 ； Mobile sink

並列摘要

In wireless sensor networks, how to effectively collect is a very important issue. In general, sensing data using multi-hop collection data to the sink, but more closer sink sensor will spend more energy, the battery will exhausted. Thus, we can use mobile sink move to collect data, and balance the energy consumption of sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose using mobile sink collect data in wireless sensor networks, first the sensor nodes are distributed throughout the network environment, and then use the depth-first visit to all the sensor nodes connected to each other. But depth-first visit and can’t make all the sensor nodes connected path be the shortest path. Next, we use the Steiner Minimum Tree (SMT) algorithm to optimize link path between each node. In this paper, we consider mobile sink energy efficiency, even if all the sense nodes in wireless sensor networks are the shortest connection path of sensor nodes, mobile sink not enough energy to collect all sensor nodes, so we proposed method to calculate the terminal node, using terminal node can let terminal node transmission with each other nodes, this method can be calculated mobile sink for mobile reception of consuming electricity, mobile sink depending on the number of sensors give the left sub-tree and right sub-tree weight, the sensor nodes can be based on the mobile sink power planning of sensor nodes required to generation number of sensor nodes to save mobile sink mobile path.
The experimental results, the using mobile collection mechanism in wireless sensor networks can save power consumption. Therefore, we propose an energy-efficient data collection mechanism in wireless sensor networks with a mobile sink. Our proposed method is indeed a high efficiency and good performance.

並列關鍵字

Wireless Sensor ； Energy efficiency ； Mobile sink

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