德布西四首鋼琴《前奏曲》探究

德布西(Claude Debussy, 1862-1918)，是影響法國近代樂壇創作最重要的一名音樂家，也是印象樂派(Impressionism)的代表人物。在他的音樂裡融合了象徵主義(Symbolism)及印象主義的精神之外，還加入了異國風格的元素，使他的作品呈現多元的色彩與風貌，並開創了法國音樂的新方向。德布西的鋼琴《前奏曲》是他成熟時期的代表作品，他的《前奏曲》打破了傳統的調性與和聲方面的規則，運用了五聲音階、全音音階、半音階、持續音、平行和絃等素材與技法，在鋼琴音樂上極力的探索新的可能性，發展出新奇的音響世界。本論文首先介紹德布西的生平背景與作曲家的創作風格和手法，接著對四首《前奏曲》：〈中斷的小夜曲〉、〈敏斯特列爾〉、〈石南叢生的荒地〉與〈煙火〉作全面性的探究，希望透過樂曲創作背景、素材與技法，進一步深入挖掘樂曲的獨創性。

關鍵字

德布西；印象主義；前奏曲

並列摘要

Claude Debussy (1862-1918) is the most important of all French composers, and he is also a prominent figure who works on impressionist music. We can find the spirits of Debussy who combined Symbolism with Impressionism in his work. In addition, the exotic elements that make his work present multi-culture were increased. He created a new direction of French music. “Preludes” of Debussy is one of the remarkable compositions for piano. In his heyday, he breaks the traditional aspects of tonality and harmony rules. He uses the whole-tone, pentatonic scale, chromatic scale, suspension and parallel chords to expand the acoustical effects of the piano. First of all, I will introduce the background of Debussy’s growth, and his creative style. Secondly, the main direction is the music analysis for Debussy's “Preludes”- “La sérénade interrompue”, “Minstrels”, “Bruyeres”, “Feux d’artifice”. Finally, the research of the four pieces will be comprehensively discussed in order to develop the creation of music.