探討認知程度對行為模式之影響—以空汙防護消費行為為例

近年來台灣隨著氣候變遷、經濟發展、汽機車普及與地形因素影響，導致台灣深受境內外汙染源滯留，使得台灣民眾長期暴露於空氣汙染危害環境中，對國人的健康風險造成莫大的影響。本研究透過問卷調查法，各構面量表參考過去學者文獻加以整理修編而成，透過IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0統計軟體進行實證分析，瞭解樣本群組成結構及現況、不同人口變項對各構面的影響程度與本研究架構各項假說建立與否。實證結果發現本研究理論假說皆獲得實證上的支持，民眾空氣汙染感受對空氣汙染認知有顯著的正向影響、民眾空氣汙染感受及空氣汙染認知分別對健康行為及支付意願皆具有正向的顯著差異，健康行為對空氣污染感受與支付意願具有中介效果，健康行為對空氣污染認知與支付意願也具有中介效果；不同的人口變項：性別、年齡、教育程度、居住地、月收入、職業對空氣污染感受、空氣污染認知、健康行為與支付意願間有顯著差異；超過半數以上的受訪者願意購買口罩配戴、種植室內植物、搭乘公共運輸交通工具、於室內健身場所運動及購買空氣清淨機或環保節能機車以防護空氣汙染危害，且普遍支付金額一年落在501~1,000元及1,001~5,000元，至於購買空氣清淨機或環保節能機車方面，民眾分別願意一次花費1,001~5,000元購買空氣清淨機及一次花費50,001~70,000元購買環保節能機車。希冀本研究能夠提供未來相關環境汙染議題研究學者參考使用。

關鍵字

空氣汙染；健康行為；支付意願

並列摘要

In recent years, due to climate change, economic development, popularity of autos and locomotives, and topographical factors, Taiwan has been deeply detained by domestic and foreign sources of pollution, which has exposed the people to the environment of air pollution for a long time and has a great impact on the health risks of Taiwanese. This research is a questionnaire survey, and each facet scale is compiled with reference to the literature of past scholars. The empirical analysis is performed through the IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 statistical software to understand the composition structure and current status of the sample group, and different population variables for each structure the degree of influence and whether the various hypotheses of this research framework are established. The empirical results show that the theoretical hypotheses of this research are supported by empirical evidence. People’s perception of air pollution has a significant positive effect on air pollution perception, and people’s perception of air pollution and air pollution perception have positive significance on health behavior and willingness to pay, respectively difference. Health behavior has an intermediary effect on air pollution perception and willingness to pay, and health behavior has an intermediary effect on air pollution perception and willingness to pay. Different demographic variables: gender, age, education level, place of residence, monthly income, occupation has significant differences between sensation of air pollution, perception of air pollution, health behavior, and willingness to pay. More than half of the respondents willing to buy masks Wear, plant indoor plants, take public transportation, exercise in indoor fitness venues, and purchase air purifiers or environment friendly energy-saving locomotives to protect against air pollution hazards, and generally willing to pay TWD 501-1,000 and TWD 1,001-5,000 a year. As for the purchase of air purifiers or environment friendly energy-saving locomotives, the public is willing to spend TWD 1,001~5,000 to purchase air purifiers and TWD 50,001~70,000 to purchase environment friendly energy-saving locomotives. It is hoped that this research can provide reference for future scholars on related environmental pollution issues.