The main purpose of this paper is to analyze Beethoven’s Sonata for Piano and Violin No. 4 in A Minor, Op. 23. This paper analyzes the work in terms of its compositional background, musical style, structural design, as well as its innovative use of dynamics and harmonic progressions. It also investigates the cooperation between the violin and the piano, and how the two instruments move in dynamic changes and individual melodic lines to create the balance of emotions in actual performance. It is hoped that, through careful examination of this composition, one can provide a performance in the spirit of Beethoven’s original intention for the work with a sensible interpretation of one’s own.