國中生創造力與生活適應之相關研究

教育部「九年一貫課綱」的宗旨以生活為核心，發展學生具創造能力與具備生活適應之潛能，故本研究欲探討國中生創造力與生活適應現況及其相關因素。本研究採分層叢級取樣法，於2016年12月至2017年3月期間於台南市抽取四所國中，七到九年級共計307位學生。以「威廉斯創造力測驗」及研究者自編的「國中生活適應量表」為研究工具。以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、變異數分析、相關分析、迴歸分析、典型相關分析等統計方式驗證本研究之假設並做延伸的探討。本研究主要發現如下：一、國中學生個人身心適應與家庭生活適應情形顯著優於學校生活適應。二、男生的個人身心適應表現顯著優於女生，女生的學校生活適應表現顯著優於男生；七、八年級的整體生活適應表現顯著優於九年級。三、女生比男生較具想像力人格傾向。不過各年級間的創造性人格沒有顯著差異。四、女生在開放性、獨創力、精密力與標題的表現能力顯著優於男生；不過各年級間的創造能力沒有顯著差異。五、國中生愈具挑戰性、好奇性及冒險性人格特質，其整體生活適應表現愈佳，尤其以具挑戰性人格特質者整體生活適應分數為最高。國中生愈具想像力人格特質，則學校生活適應表現愈佳，但個人身心適應情形愈差。六、國中生愈具流暢力、開放性、變通力、獨創力、精密力與標題表現能力則在生活各層面中的適應表現不一定愈佳。七、國中生愈具挑戰性人格特質，以及愈不具獨創力，則整體生活適應表現愈佳。本研究依據上述的研究發現進行討論，並提出對教育實務層面與未來研究之相關建議以供參考。

關鍵字

創造力,創造能力,創造性人格,生活適應,國中生

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between students’ life adjustment and creativity in junior high school. In this study, the instruments included “Creativity Assessment Packet,” and “Life Adjustment Scale in Junior high school.” This study applied the questionnaire method as survey methodology and the target sample were students from 4 public junior high schools in Tainan for purposive sampling. Returned valid questionnaires were amount to 307. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation, multiple regression and canonical correlation. The results were as follows: 1.The overall life adjustment performances showed medium to high level. The personal adjustment performance and family adjustment performance showed higher scores than school life adjustment performance. 2.The male students showed higher scores than female students in personal adjustment performance. The female students showed higher scores than male students in school life adjustment performance. Students in 7th and 8th grade showed higher scores than students in 9th grade at all dimensions of life adjustment performances. 3.The female students showed higher scores than male students in the imaginative personality trait. In addition, there were no significant differences in grade toward creative personality traits. 4.The female students showed higher scores than male students in the openness, flexibility, elaboration and headline of creativity. In addition, there were no significant differences in grade toward ability to create. 5.The students with more challenge, curiosity and adventure personality traits have better performance in overall life adjustment, especially challenge trait.The students with more imagination personality traits have better performance in school life adjustment,but worse in personal adjustment. 6.There were no significant correlation among fluency,openness, flexibility, originality, elaboration, headline of creativity and all dimensions of life adjustment. 7.The students with more challenge personality traits and less originality ability have better performance in overall life adjustment. Finally, some suggestions were proposed based on aforementioned conclusions for the practice of education and further studies.