手術室寄庫衛材存貨管理之研究-以某區域教學醫院為例

由於醫療市場競爭激烈，使得醫療機構經營成本大幅增加，遠超過原本健保所訂定支付的費用。手術室是為病人提供手術及搶救生命的場所，是醫院的重要技術部門。本研究目的想了解手術室衛材之耗用分布以及使用寄庫衛材方式管理辦法是否達到節省成本之功用。因每年衛材成本變動起伏大且廠商變更，故本研究使用模糊德菲法問卷評估使用寄庫衛材後影響之重要性。受訪對象包括衛材管理人員、手術室醫護人員以及衛材供應商，並使用模糊德菲法對所得數據進行統計分析。本研究之結果發現，手術衛材管理相關人員對於使用寄庫衛材後存貨績效覺得都有影響。在成本層面，成本週轉率、衛材配送成本以及存貨持有成本率是最具影響的指標時間層面為提升手術便利、備貨便利、備貨時間、訂單週期時間及手術時間為最具影響的指標品質層面為降低醫院衛材盤點差異率及降低手術風險都是影響存貨績效的重要指標。使用寄庫衛材管理後存貨績效三因子皆有影響，希望未來能夠創造更佳完善管理辦法已達到以達到最有效之管理方式，使醫院永續經營。

關鍵字

醫療衛材；手術室衛材；存貨管理；模糊德菲法

並列摘要

Due to the highly competition of medical market, the operating expenses has increased significantly in medical institution, even far more than the originally premiums. The operation room is a place to save patient’s life and is an important technical department in the hospital. It is therefore the purpose of this study is to understand the consumption composition of medical materials in the operating room and whether the consignment inventory management of medical materials in the warehouse achieves the cost-saving function. Due to vary costs of medical material and manufacturers in each year, the Fuzzy Delphi method was used to evaluate the important factors of consignment inventory management of medical materials at operation room in this study. Subjects were included medical material management staff, nurse and workers in operation room, and suppliers. After analysis by Fuzzy Delphi method,the results of this study has showed that the consignment of medical materials has an influence on inventory performance in operation room. In the cost aspect, the cost turnover rate, the medical material distribution cost and the inventory holding cost rate are the most influential indicators. In the time aspect, it improves the operation convenience, convenience of stocking, stocking time, order cycle period and operation duration. In the quality aspect, it reduces the difference of medical material inventory and surgical risk in the hospital. In conclude, these three factors of cost, time and quality are significant influence by consignment inventory management. It is therefore that a better management method can be proved to achieve the most effective management method to keep the hospital sustainable in the future.