- 學位論文
大型運動場館人員散場規劃與安全評估
Research on the Evaluation of People Moving Efficiency and Safety for Large Sport Facilities
摘要
現我國經常使用到大型運動場館來舉辦各類活動。通常這些人聚集並沒有發生嚴重的問題，但是，只要偶遇不完備的設施和疏於人群安全管理組合就有可能導致人員傷害或死亡。 在災害案例中能發現以“未能有效疏散人員及管制交通”此一要點為意外事故中的主因，故本研究以SIMULEX電腦模擬巨蛋人員散場的模式，分析人員擁擠之節點，提出改善方案，找出本研究之對象物件的最佳人員散場路徑，進而規劃人員能以最迅速、最安全的方式且能在最短的時間內達成人員散場目的。 經各壅塞點模擬分析後發現，閘道口的部分增加開口寬度比增加開口數量還有顯著性的效用；樓梯口的部分，對於人員做單一方向的散場時，要是能夠把所有樓梯設為單一方向，對於整體疏散時間將有大大的改善；而轉角處的部分，以圓弧角度取代既有的直角或其他緩和角度將使整體散場動線更為流暢。而在案例的模擬分中發現，人員最主要的壅塞原因為出口分配不均導致特定出口人數過多以及門板造成出口寬度縮減，所以在平均分配出口且移除門板後，對於整體的散場時間有著顯著性的改善。
並列摘要
We usually use large sport facilities for sport games, concert and large activities in Taiwan. It’s often no serious problem with people gathering, but both incomplete facilities and neglect of people security manage may make people injury or death when people walk out the dome. “Not effective evacuation of personnel and control traffic” was the main cause of the accident in accident cases. This study use SIMULEX to simulate dome people egress situations, to analyze crowded nodes and improve evacuation path, then we can plan the fastest and Safest way to achieve safe egress. Through series of simulation, to increase opening width is more effective than to increase the number of openings in the gate. In the part of the stairs, if all of the stairs can set to one direction, the overall evacuation time will be significantly improved. Smoothing the corner instead of right angle make the overall moving lines smoother and improve the crowded nodes. In the result of case simulation, the main of crowded nodes is the entrance do not divide equally and the door create export of narrowing, so when we divide equally the entrance and remove the door, the overall evacuation time will be significantly improved.