- 學位論文
臺中市犬蜱嗜吞噬球無形體盛行率調查
Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ticks Collected from Dogs in Taichung City
摘要
蜱可媒介許多疾病，包括細菌、病毒、原蟲、立克次體等，而無形體症 (anaplasmosis)是一種新興的人畜共通傳染病，其病原菌為嗜吞噬球無形體（Anaplasma phagocytophilum），為無形體的一種，以前稱為Ehrlichia phagocytophila，由硬蜱所媒介，可感染人類、綿羊、山羊、牛、犬、貓、馬、鹿及囓齒類等動物，所引起的疾病在犬隻稱為犬多形核白血球無形體症 (canine granulocytic anaplasmosis；CGA)，在人稱為人多形核白血球無形體症 (human granulocytic anaplasmosis；HGA)。人類及犬隻最早的病例報告分別出現在1994年及1996年的美國，歐洲則在1997年才有人類病例報告出現，人類在臨床上會呈現類流感、肌肉疼痛等症狀而犬隻則為高燒、厭食、精神沉鬱及多發性關節炎，因為與萊姆病病原為同一種蜱媒介，所以常併同萊姆病發生。為瞭解臺中地區犬蜱攜帶嗜吞噬球無形體之盛行率，本實驗利用巢式聚合酶鏈連鎖反應 (nested polymerase chain reaction；nested PCR)方法，將2008年8月至2010年10月隨機採集的不分品種、年齡及性別之同一犬隻身上所採集到的蜱（102隻犬隻收集蜱總數量比約為70﹪Rhipicephalus sanguineus and 30﹪Haemaphysalis spp.）以5-8隻當作一個樣本，偵測所抽取之DNA是否含有 Anaplasma phagocytophilum 細胞外膜特異蛋白（p44/msp2）基因，結果皆呈現陰性反應（0/102）。本研究結果可提供相關單位作為疾病防疫及公共衛生上之參考。
並列摘要
Ticks are notorious vectors of various pathogenic protozoa, rickettsiae, bacteria, and viruses that cause serious and life threatening illnesses in humans and animals worldwide. Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne infectious disease of cattle, sheep, goats, dogs and other domestic ruminants. Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophlia) is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium. This pathogen is transmitted by hard ticks and causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in dogs and humans. In dogs, it causes lameness and is often confused with Lyme disease in the United States. It was first described in the U. S. in 1996. For better understanding of possible existence in Taichung city, Taiwan, we collected 102 tick pools（70﹪Rhipicephalus sanguineus and 30﹪Haemaphysalis spp.）from stray dogs during August 2008 to September 2010, and examined with nested-PCR. The results showed all negative (0/102). It could provide epidemic information in dogs, and the disease prevention and/or control measures accordingly in dogs to Taichung city.