台灣2010年全國自用小客車數量已達到576萬輛,機車數目也達到1473萬輛,在人口聚集的都會區辦公大樓、集合住宅、百貨商場等設計均逐漸將停車場往地下設置,亦有勞工於此類地下停車場內長時間從事指揮車輛等作業,有必要對地下停車場的空氣品質,通風換氣設備的設計與效能進行探討與分析。 本研究針對12處地下停車場進行空氣品質的現況調查,並針對不同的通風換氣設計方式進行比較,以瞭解通風設備對於改善地下停車場室內空氣品質的效果。研究也針對部分地下停車場的設計與維護現況等進行探討,歸納影響通風換氣效能的因素。 研究結果顯示地下停車場內通風換氣設備未運作時,所測得的一氧化碳平均濃度為6.87ppm,二氧化碳平均濃度為488.7ppm,現有通風換氣設備具備移除四成以上之氣態物質的能力,採用機械排氣搭配機械進氣相較搭配自然進氣之系統效率較佳,此設計下當開啟通風換氣設備時亦較不會有造成場內PM10懸浮微粒濃度增加的問題。也發現地下停車場的通風設備常有流場短路循環的不佳設計,與設備的維護時錯接電源,造成導流風機逆轉而影響風量與效能等設計與管理上的缺失。
The population and number of motor vehicles in urban areas of Taiwan are both increased.In 2010, motor vehicles have reached 5.76 million as well as motorcycles have reached 14.73 million, thus the demand for undergroundparking space isincreasing. Without awell-designedair ventilating system, the exhaust gasfrom vehicles and motorcycles will accumulate in these underground parking spaces. It is necessary to evaluate the efficiency of ventilating systems. In this study, the air conditions in 12 different underground parking spaces were surveyed. We compared the design of ventilating systems and air conditions. We found the air quality was worse in those parking spaces using only mechanical exhausting design. The system with themechanical air supplication system provided more efficient on thecarbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2)movement from underground parking spaces. This design prevented the suspended particle flow into underground through the driveway also. The results showed that average concentrationof carbon monoxide was 6.87ppm, as well as 488.7ppm of the carbon dioxide. Over 40% of these gas contaminants could be removed from underground parking spaces by ventilating systems. The design mistake,which cause short cut on air flow,and poor maintenance were the major reasons that cause ventilating systems working in lower efficiency.