人類免疫不全病毒感染者憂鬱、生活品質及其相關因素之研究

研究背景：台灣的人類免疫不全病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）感染者人口持續上升，容易因面臨病程變化及疾病相關壓力，造成憂鬱及影響生活品質。研究目的：本研究的目的旨在探討人類免疫不全病毒感染者憂鬱、生活品質及其相關因素，以及預測影響憂鬱及生活品質之重要因子。研究方法：採橫斷性研究設計，以方便取樣選取中部某醫學中心120位人類免疫不全病毒感染者為研究對象，收案期間為2015年6月開始至2015年10月底止，以結構式問卷之方法進行資料收集，研究工具包括基本資料、流行病學研究中心憂鬱症狀量表(CES-D)、世界衛生組織生活品質問卷台灣簡明版(WHOQOL-Bref-Taiwan Version)。統計方法包括描述性分析、皮爾森積差相關係數分析、單因子變異數分析、複迴歸分析。研究結果：本研究對象有120人，其中輕度至重度憂鬱者有58.4%，生活品質平均分數90.15分，憂鬱與生活品質間呈負相關(r =-.755, p<.01)。感染者的憂鬱程度因經濟狀況的不同而有所差異(p=.001)，憂鬱的重要預測因子為教育程度高中及經濟狀況，可解釋整體變異量36.6%(p=.006)。生活品質因經濟狀況及CD4數值而有所差異，生活品質的重要預測因子為經濟狀況，可解釋整體變異量35.5%(p=.010)。結論：本研究結果確認憂鬱與生活品質存在著負相關，且經濟狀況為憂鬱及生活品質的預測因子。因此應及早發現病人的心理問題，以預防勝於治療的理念來防範憂鬱情緒產生，並適當的給予衛教或支持、關心及協助，以提升其生活品質。

關鍵字

人類免疫不全病毒；憂鬱；生活品質；經濟； CD4數目

並列摘要

Background:The number of HIV has increased in Taiwan. HIV related stress that may trigger off depression and quality of life. Objetive:This study designed to analyze depression, quality of life and related factors and investigate the predictors of depression and quality of life among HIV patients. Method: The research was a cross-sectional design. A total of 120 patients receiving HIV patients in Medical Center in central Taiwan . Data was collected from June 2015until the end of October 2015. The study questionnaires include basic information, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and short version of the WHO quality of life scale (WHOQOL-Bref-Taiwan Version). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Among 120 HIV-infected participants assessed for depression, 58.4% reported depressivesymptoms.More than half(58.4%) of the participants had depression. The mean score for quality of life was 90.15. A significant negative correlation between depression and quality of life(r =-.755, p<0.01) . Depression of these HIV patients differed by economic (p= .001). Predictors of depression were having a high school degree and economic. That explained 36.6% of variance in depression (p=.006). QoL of these HIV patients differed by economic( p<.001)and CD4 count (r =.187, p<0.05). Predictors of QoL were economic. That explained 35.5% of variance in depression (p=.010). Conclusion: The results of study confirm negative correlation between depression and quality of life, and that economic conditions are predictors of depression and quality of life. Appropriate education and psychical and psychological support may help relieve depression in this vulnerable group. Health care professions should provide appropriate health education and rehabilitation for improving patients’ physical performance and be able to early detect mental problems and enhance the quality of life.