血液透析病患睡眠品質、憂鬱之影響因素與相關性

血液透析病患當中有睡眠品質不佳與憂鬱狀況的比例非常高，本研究之目的為探討長期血液透析病患睡眠品質及憂鬱的影響因子及其相關性。於北部某區域醫院，採立意取樣方式，蒐集120名血液透析病患，進行橫斷性研究設計，以結構式的問卷收集資料；使用匹茲堡睡眠品質指數評分表來評估睡眠品質和台灣人憂鬱問卷來評估憂鬱之嚴重度。本研究結果發現研究對象有睡眠品質低下之盛行率為92.5%，年齡層65歲以上者比起20至44歲者有較差之睡眠品質，其他睡眠品質低下之相關危險因子包括女性、教育程度低以及沒有收入（p < .00）。憂鬱狀況之盛行率為43.3%，各年齡層之憂鬱得分則無統計差異。睡眠品質越差者其憂鬱狀況越嚴重，睡眠品質及憂鬱得分呈現正相關（r=0.625, p<.000）。本研究結果可以作為預防和治療血液透析病人之睡眠品質與憂鬱的參考，藉以提升病患之生活品質。

關鍵字

睡眠品質；血液透析；憂鬱

並列摘要

The prevalence of sleep quality and depression in hemodialysis patients is remarkably high. However, very few reports describing the association between these two illnesses were from Taiwan. Our study is to investigate their relationship and impact factors. Using purposive sampling method we collected data from 120 hemodialysis patients in a regional hospital in a northern county of Taiwan to conduct a cross-sectional observational study. We used structured questionnaires to obtain information of interest. To assess quality of sleep we used Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We used Taiwanese Depression Scale to determine the severity of depression. The prevalence of poor quality of sleep was 92.5%. Those who were older than 65 years had worse quality of sleep compared to those at the age of 20-44. Those who were women, had less formal education and no income were associated with poor quality of sleep（p < .00）. The prevalence of depression was 43.3%, and the scores across three age groups showed no statistical difference. A significant correlation was found between the PSQI score and the TDQ score（r=0.625, p<.000）. The results may provide a valuable guide for patient care, disease prevention and treatment to improve the quality of life in those receiving hemodialysis.