勞工接受自費健康檢查的相關因素研究

根據勞動部統計2016年9月的就業人數共有1,129.1萬人，其中男性有627.4萬人，而女性有501.7萬人。許多勞工並不了解職業健檢的重要性，也有勞工因為害怕檢查結果異常而失去工作，進而造成自費健康檢查普及率偏低。本研究參照Andersen所提出的健康服務模式分析勞工人口特質及健康行為對接受自費健康檢查意願的相關情形。探討勞工對健康檢查的需求，並進一步探討勞工至醫院實施體格檢查時是否有意願接受自費健檢。本研究為橫斷式調查法，針對新北市某地區醫院接受勞工體格及健康檢查之民眾進行隨機取樣方式發放問卷。發放時間為2017年2月10日至2017年3月31日。共發放250份問卷，回收了246份樣本，回收率為98.4%。利用卡方檢定檢視資料是否具有相關性。研究結果為年齡、性別、教育程度、無慢性疾病及喝酒與曾經接受自費健康檢查有顯著相關(p<0.1)。年齡、性別、教育程度及醫療保險與介紹家人朋友接受自費健康檢查有顯著相關 (p<0.1)。針對自費健康檢查需求，勞工最能接受的時間為半天內(61.4%)，最能接受的檢查費用為1,000元以下(39.0%)，能接受自費健康檢查的間隔為兩年一次(55.7%)，最想做的健康檢查項目為癌症腫瘤標記(69.9%)。選擇自費健康檢查的最大因素為體檢費用適當(56.9%) 健康檢查是一種個人的健康管理，依照自己的健康紀錄訂定檢查項目，並諮詢醫療人員提供專業建議，以規劃完整且專屬自己的健康檢查，更能達到預防保健中的『早期發現、早期治療』。本研究想藉此了解勞工對健康檢查的需求，以便後續為勞工規劃健康檢查時作為參考。

關鍵字

勞工；自費健檢； Andersen健康行為模式

並列摘要

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Labor, the number of employed persons in September 2016 was 1,129.1 million, of which 627.4 were male and 501.7 million were female. Many workers do not understand the importance of occupational health examination ,and also fear of inspection results to loss the work, resulting in low examination penetration rate. This study examines the relationship between labor population characteristics and health behavior on the willingness to receive self-paid health examination in the light of the Andersen's behavioral model. To explore the labor needs of health examination, and further explore the labor to the hospital when the implementation of physical examination is willing to accept self-paid examination. In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to issue a questionnaire for random sampling of people receiving physical examinations in a hospital in a hospital in New Taipei City. Issued on February 13, 2017 to March 31, 2017. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed and 246 samples were recovered with a recovery rate of 98.4%. Use the chi-square test to see if the data is relevant. The results were significantly correlated with age, sex, educational level, no chronic disease and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with previous self-paid health examination (p <0.1). Age, gender, education and medical insurance were significantly associated with introduction of family and friends to accept self-paid health examination (p <0.1). For self-paid health examination needs, the most acceptable time is half a day (61.4%), the most acceptable inspection fee is less than $ 1,000 (39.0%), and the interval for self-paid health examination is twice a year (55.7%). The most wanted health examination items for cancer tumor markers (69.9%). The maximum factor in choosing a self-paid health check was appropriate for physical examination fee (56.9%). Health check is a kind of personal health management, according to their own health records to set up physical examination projects, and consult medical staff to provide professional advice to complete planning and exclusive health checks, more to achieve preventive health care in the "early diagnosis and treatment ". This study would like to learn about the need for health checks by labor so that it can be used as a reference for health planning.