影響護理人員規律運動之相關因素探討

運動有益身體健康及可預防疾病和降低壓力，但對忙碌及充滿高壓力工作下的護理人員來說，從事規律運動並不容易。本研究在瞭解影響護理人員規律運動及其相關因素。採用方便取樣，以中部某區域醫院之護理人員為研究對象，以自填式結構問卷於 106 年 3 月 13 日～3 月 27 日進行資料收集，有效問卷共 181 份。所得資料以 SPSS 19.0 版套裝軟體進行統計分析，並以二元邏輯迴歸分析護理人員規律運動的預測因子。研究結果如下：護理人員有規律運動者佔 13.8％；無規律運動者佔 86.2％。在人口學變項的不同體型者其運動改變階段、自我效能有顯著差異。運動自我效能、運動決策權衡、運動感受在運動改變階段達顯著相關。分析規律運動的相關因素，研究結果顯示，有無規律運動與運動改變階段、自我效能、決策權衡、運動感受均呈正相關。最後，以二元邏輯迴歸分析影響規律運動的相關因素，求得迴歸方程式如下：Y (規律運動)＝1.587運動改變階段﹣9.378，顯示運動改變階段為規律運動之主要預測因子。根據研究結果建議，要提高護理人員達到規律運動程度，應從運動改變階段著手，研究對象的運動改變階段均落「意圖期」居多，運用跨理論模式的認知和行為改變過程，若不運動對身體可能產生易疲勞、體重增加的負面結果；在運動方面，可推薦從獨自完成的運動類型開始，例如：快走、跑步或是藉由行為改變過程的「情境替代」，以簡單的身體活動如：走樓梯替代搭電梯增加運動的養成，讓護理人員保持運動習慣，策略可以包括設定日期計畫目標，公開證明要開始運動來增強意志力的行為。均能有效的提升運動改變階段至「準備期」或「行動期」以上。

關鍵字

護理人員；規律運動；運動改變階段；決策權衡

並列摘要

Exercise would prevent illness and decrease stress, which was beneficial to health. But to get into the habit of exercising regularly seemed to be difficult to the nurses who worked with fulltime job in a stressful environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the related factors that influenced nursing people of regular exercise. Using convenience sampling, the target samples were from a hospital in central Taiwan. Total of 181 valid questionnaires were collected from 2017 March 13 to March 27 in the self-administered structured questionnaire. The data of self-administered questionnaire structure information gathering which was analyzed by SPSS version 19.0 statistical analysis software package and the predictors of regular exercise of nurses were analyzed by binary logic regression. The result showed that nurses who had regular exercise accounted for 13.8% and irregular exercise accounted for 86.2% .There were significant differences in self efficacy and exercise changed between the different body types of demographic variables . Exercise self-efficacy, exercise decision-making and exercise feelings were significant correlation in the exercise changing stage. The result of the study showed that there was a positive correlation between regular exercise and the stage of exercise, self-efficacy, decision-making and feeling. Finally, the logistic regression equation was used to analyze the relevant factors influencing regular exercise. The regression equation was :Y (regular exercise)＝1.587exercise changing stage﹣9.378. which showed that the stage of exercise change was the main predictor of regular exercise. The results suggested that it should be proceeded from the stage of exercise changed in order to improve regular exercise . The stage of exercise changed in our samples were all located in “pre-contemplation stage”. With cognition of cross - theoretical model and behavior changing process, the body may bring on fatigue and fatty easily if there’s no exercise. It was recommended to start from the one that could do it alone, such as brisk walking、jogging or "situation substitution" by behavior changing process. With simple body movements such as walking stairs instead of taking the elevator to improve exercise which could keep nursing people in good habits. The strategy may include setting dates and planning goals which would enhance the strength of will to start exercise, and may promote the stage of exercise changed to “preparation stage” or “contemplation stage”.