國際策略聯盟形成動機與成功影響因素之研究

近年來，國際策略聯盟的形成數量不斷增長，成為國際策略管理的一個新的研究焦點。因此，本研究利用賽局理論方法及國際策略聯盟的動機及效應分析，來探討國際策略聯盟形成動機與成功的影響因素。研究結果顯示，從國際策略聯盟形成動機來看，聯盟夥伴不同階段的選擇標準是一個動態的過程，應當針對不同時期聯盟的焦點問題，做出聯盟合作動機的迅速調整。另外，影響聯盟成功的因素是多方面，而影響聯盟夥伴間有效合作與有效競爭的因素則是主要因素。當聯盟夥伴間不能進行有效合作與競爭時，聯盟夥伴就會產生矛盾與衝突，聯盟體的運行就會出現偏差，從而導致聯盟出現危機。而國際企業策略聯盟涉及多個國家的環境，因而總體因素也會影響聯盟的行銷。從個體的角度來講，國際企業之間的策略聯盟的成敗與否取決與夥伴之間能否有效競爭與合作，而對夥伴之間的有效競爭與合作產生制約作用的因素則是制約策略聯盟成功的個體因素。

關鍵字

國際企業；策略聯盟；聯盟夥伴

並列摘要

Over recent years, the number of international strategic alliances has been increasing. Therefore, international strategic alliance becomes a new focus for studies on international strategy management. This study applied the game theory and analyzed the motives for international strategic alliance and relative effects to discuss the motives for international strategic alliance formation and factors of success. The research result shows that from the perspective of the motives for international strategic alliance formation, the alliance partnership selection criterion dynamically changes in different stages. Therefore, the motives for alliance partnership should be swiftly adjusted according to the focuses in different periods of time. In addition, there are many success factors for an alliance, and the factor affecting the effective cooperation and competition among alliance partners is a major factor. Conflicts and contradictions will occur among alliance partners when they cannot cooperate and compete in an effective manner. Consequently, the operation of the alliance becomes ineffective and is in great danger. An international business strategic alliance involves several countries. Therefore, the overall factor will also affect the marketing of the alliance. From the perspective of individuals, the success of an international business strategic alliance depends on effective competition and cooperation among partners and the factors constraining the effective competition and cooperation among partners is an individual factor constraining the success of the alliance.