所得之相關議題,一直是眾多學術研究關注的焦點。台灣家戶所得分配不均度自1980年代起有擴大的趨勢,且近二、三十年女性地位的提高,也改變了以往男主外、女主內的傳統,因此本研究想針對家戶所得做性別差異之探討,目的有二,其一,在現今提倡性別平等的社會中,是否還會因為戶長性別不同對家戶所得而有所影響;其二,除性別因素外,還有哪些因素會使家戶所得受到影響。研究資料來源取自2015年行政院主計處之臺灣地區「家庭收支調查」,實證模型採用分量迴歸(Quantile Regression)。實證結果發現,戶長性別不同確實對家戶所得會產生影響,且男性戶長家戶所得會大於女性戶長,另外本研究還發現除戶長性別會影響家戶所得外,戶長 年齡、戶長教育程度、戶長兼業狀態、家戶大小、戶內就業人數及老年人數皆會影響家戶所得。
The inequality of household income distribution in Taiwan has been deteriorated since the 1980s. In the meanwhile, the role of women in the family has also changed dramatically in recent three decades. This study focus on how the gender differences affect household income especially in the traditional Taiwan society. This research is based on the Survey of Household Income and Expenditure database in 2015, provided by the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, R.O.C. This study uses Quantile Regression method and the results show that the gender differences actually affect the household income. The household income of male-headed households is higher than that of female-headed households. And, the empirical results evidence that other factors, such as education, age, part time job, also affect household income.