探討影響新興市場國家公民創業意圖因素

摘要創業活動目前已成為世界各地經濟發展的重要動力，創業情況在最近幾年已經引起國家及社會的普遍關注，世界經濟一直被新興市場國家所驅動，其中以金磚五國最為亮眼，運用2009年全球創業觀察（GEM）調查的資料，精選其中四個國家，應用計畫行為理論來建立早期創業意圖模型。並以描述性統計分析、相關分析、二元Logistic迴歸來分析四國間的一個創業意圖與創業態度、社會規範、知覺控制行為，關聯性、共通性和差異性。研究結果發現橫跨國家間對於機會、恐懼失敗有顯著影響創業意圖並不一致。認識創業人士、及創業知識技能有顯著共通性影響創業意圖。這些研究結果將結論提供欲創業者在創業意圖前的參考、改善策略及建議。

關鍵字

創業意圖；計畫行為理論；全球創業觀察

並列摘要

Currently speaking, the entrepreneurship has become an important driving force for economic development around the world. In recent years the entrepreneurship has attracted widespread attention toward the country as well as the society. The world economy has been driven by emerging market countries, the BRICS of which can be the brightest. By means of using the information of 2009 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) to choose four countries, it will utilize Application theory of plan behavior to establish a model for early entrepreneurial intentions. By the descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, binary logistic regression to analyze an entrepreneurial intentions, entrepreneurial attitude, social norms, perceived behavioral control, relevance, commonalities and differences between four countries. The results shows that to across the inter-State is not consistent, associated with the opportunity, fear of failure that have the significant impact upon entrepreneurial intentions., recognizing entrepreneurs, and entrepreneurial knowledge, along with the skills, which have a significant impact upon the entrepreneurial intentions. These study results will conclude to provide the reference of entrepreneurial intentions, improvement strategies and recommendations for those entrepreneurs.